Imashini yo gukaraba intoki ikoreshwa mu byuma bitagira umugese ivi ikoreshwa mu gusukura ahantu ho kubaga

Igikorwa kidakoresheje amaboko nk'igipimo cyo kugenzura ubwandu bwambukiranya

Uburyo bwo kubaga intoki butuma intoki zirwanya isepsis busaba ko iyo igikorwa cyo gukaraba gitangiye, intoki z'umuganga w'inzobere mu kubaga zitagomba gukora ku kintu icyo ari cyo cyose - imifuka y'amarobine, imashini zitanga isabune, cyangwa ibikoresho byo gukaraba - mbere yo kwambara no gushyiramo uturindantoki. Gukora ku kintu cyanduye nyuma yo kwica udukoko bisubiza udukoko mu ntoki, bigatuma isukura ritagenda neza kandi byongera ibyago byo kwandura aho babagiye.

M03-21073 ikemura iki kibazo binyuze muri sisitemu ya valve ikoreshwa mu ivi. Amazi atemba agashyirwa mu kato akanda agafunga igice cy'ivi - isahani y'icyuma idashonga ishyizwe ku butumburuke bw'ivi imbere y'aho baterura. Gutanga isabune, aho byakozwe, bikorwa mu buryo bumwe binyuze mu buryo butandukanye bwo gukaraba intoki. Uburyo bwose bwo gukaraba intoki - kuva ku gutosa bwa mbere binyuze mu kurwanya isepsis kugeza ku gusukura bwa nyuma - burangira nta gukora ku ntoki n'ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose gikoreshwa, bishyigikira kubahiriza amahame ngenderwaho y'isuku y'intoki yo kubaga nk'uko bivugwa mu mabwiriza mpuzamahanga yo gushushanya icyumba cyo kubariramo.

Igishushanyo mbonera cy'aho gukaraba hakoreshejwe sitasiyo nyinshi kugira ngo hakorwe neza icyarimwe

Umubare wa sitasiyo ushobora gushyirwaho kuva kuri imwe kugeza kuri kane

Umwobo uboneka mu burebure bune busanzwe, buri kimwe gihuye n'umubare wa sitasiyo:

Buri sitasiyo ifite robine yayo, valve y'ivi, n'umuyoboro w'isabune, bituma abakozi benshi bo mu itsinda ry'ababaga bashobora gukaraba icyarimwe. Ubu bushobozi bwo gukaraba bugabanya igihe kiri hagati yo kwitegura umurwayi no gukata, ibyo bikaba ari ingenzi mu bigo byita ku barwayi bakomeretse, mu byumba byo kubaga umutima, no mu byumba byo kubaga birimo abantu benshi aho ihindagurika ry'abarwayi rigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku muvuduko w'abarwayi.

Gutandukanya imyanya n'imiterere y'imikorere y'amatsinda y'ababaga

Intera iri hagati y’aho icyuma gishyirwa ingana kugira ngo abantu babiri bashobore guhagarara begeranye nta nkokora ibangamira mu gihe cyo gusukura. Ubujyakuzimu bw’aho icyuma gifasha gukaraba ukuboko kose - kuva ku ntoki kugeza ku nkokora - nk'uko bisabwa n'amabwiriza yo kubaga intoki. Agace k'inyuma k'aho icyuma gikingira amazi karinda kohereza amazi ava ku ikanzu y'umukoresha n'urukuta rukikije, bityo bigatuma uruziga rw'aho icyuma gisukura rwuma.

Uburyo bwo kugenzura amazi mu ivi n'uburyo bwo kuyagenzura

Kwizerwa kwa mekanike mu ikoreshwa ry'ingufu nyinshi

Valve y'ivi ni valve ikoreshwa mu buryo bwa mechanical push-action — ntabwo ari sensor y'ikoranabuhanga — ikuraho kwishingikiriza ku bikoresho by'amashanyarazi, gupima sensor, cyangwa gusimbuza bateri. Ubu buryo bworoshye bwo gukora butanga imikorere ihoraho ahantu hadakwiye kuganirwaho: mu byumba byo kubaga byihutirwa, mu bitaro byo mu rwego rwo hejuru, no mu bigo biri mu turere aho amashanyarazi adashobora kwemezwa.

Iyi vali ishobora gukoreshwa uhereye imbere y'icyuma, bityo ikaba yemerera abatekinisiye bo gusana kugera ku bice by'imbere badakuyemo umuyoboro ku rukuta cyangwa ngo bace imiterere y'akabati. Iyi miterere y'imbere igabanya igihe cyo kudakora mu gihe cyo gusana giteganyijwe kandi igashyigikira igihe kirekire giteganyijwe cyo gukora ibikoresho byo kubaga by'icyuma kitagira umugese.

Guhuza na Valves zo Kuvanga n'Imashini Zitanga Isabune

Umuyoboro w'amazi ushobora guhuzwa na valve ivanga amazi kugira ngo igenzure ubushyuhe bw'amazi mu rugero rwagenwe rwo gukaraba - ubusanzwe 38-42°C - birinda ko amazi ashyuha ndetse n'imitsi iterwa n'ubukonje ishobora kwangiza ubushobozi bwo gukaraba. Pompe ikoresha isabune ikoreshwa mu ivi ishobora gushyirwa mu gice cy'imbere cy'umuyoboro, igatanga umuti wo gukaraba amazi unyuze mu muyoboro w'icyuma gifunganye uri hafi y'irobe.

Ubwubatsi n'Ubuhanga mu byuma bitagira umugese

Imiterere y'ikigega cyo koza amaboko mu buryo bwimbitse

Igikombe cy’amazi gikozwe mu cyuma 304 kitagira umugozi gifite imiterere miremire irimo amazi mu gikombe mu gihe cyo gukaraba intoki n’ukuboko cyane. Igikombe gitembera mu mwobo kigana aho amazi atembera, kikayobora amazi atemba kandi kikarinda kororoka bishobora kuba bifite udukoko duto dusigaye. Ibyubakwa ry’igikombe kimwe gikase bigabanya imiterere n’aho bagiteri zishobora kwirunda.

Igishushanyo cya Splash Containment n'Igishushanyo cy'inyuma

Igice cyo hejuru cy’umuyoboro gishyirwa hejuru y’inkombe y’inyuma y’umuyoboro, kikarinda ubuso bw’urukuta imiyoboro y’amazi n’imiti yica udukoko. Igice cyo hejuru gifatanye n’umubiri w’umuyoboro nk’inyubako ihoraho, bikuraho icyuho kiri hagati y’umuyoboro n’urukuta gishobora gukusanya ubushuhe n’imyanda mu bikoresho byo gupfuka amazi bitandukanye. Igice cy’imbere cy’umuyoboro gifite ibice by’icyuma kidafunze bihagaze bihisha ibice by’amazi n’uburyo bwo gupfuka amazi mu ivi, bigaragaza ishusho isukuye kandi ifunze ikwiriye ahantu hagaragara ho gupfuka amazi mu byumba byo kubariramo bigezweho.

Ingano n'uburyo bwo guhuza imiterere y'amashusho (or configurations) mu buryo butandukanye (OR configurations)

Imiterere y'ibyumba byo kubaga iratandukanye cyane bitewe n'uturere n'ubwoko bw'ibigo. Akabati k'ibiro binini gashobora kuba gahagije ikigo gito cyo kubaga mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya, mu gihe ikigo gifite ibiro bine gishobora gukenerwa mu cyumba cy'ubuvuzi gikuru cy'ibitaro byo mu Burayi cyangwa mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati. M03-21073 ikoresha ubu buryo binyuze mu burebure bwayo bune busanzwe n'ubushobozi bwayo bwo gupima ingano.

Ku mishinga ifite uburebure budasanzwe bw'inkuta cyangwa intera yihariye ya sitasiyo, aho amazi anyura hashobora gukorwa hakurikijwe ingano yihariye. Ba rwiyemezamirimo n'amatsinda y'abashushanya bashobora gutanga ibishushanyo mbonera, kandi icyuma kizakorwa kugira ngo gihuze n'umwanya uhari w'inkuta, aho robine ziherereye, n'aho amazi ahurira.

Iyubahirizwa ry'amabwiriza agenga isuku y'intoki zo kubaga

Igishushanyo mbonera cy'aho bavurira ivi gishyigikira guhuza n'amabwiriza akoreshwa cyane mu isuku y'intoki zo kubaga, harimo:

• Amabwiriza y'Iterambere ry'Amaboko rya OMS— zisaba gukoresha amazi adakoreshejwe intoki kugira ngo hirindwe ko yangirika

• DIN 12980 (Igipimo ngenderwaho cy'Abadage ku masinki yo kogosha)— igaragaza ibisabwa mu gushushanya ahantu ho gukaraba intoki harimo kubaga intoki nta nkoni no gushyiramo amazi asukuye

• Amabwiriza ya AORN ku myambarire yo kubaga n'isuku y'amaboko— bikemura ikibazo cyo gukoresha robine idakora mu gihe cyo kubaga

Nubwo icyemezo cyo kubahiriza amategeko gishingira ku miterere ya nyuma n'uburyo bwo guhitamo ibikoresho, igishushanyo mbonera cy'ibanze - amazi akoreshwa mu ivi, ikiyiko kinini cyo kozaho imbeho, n'ubwubatsi bw'icyuma kidashonga - bitanga ishingiro ry'imiterere y'ibi bisabwa mu mishinga y'icyumba cyo kubaga mu Burayi, muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, muri ASEAN no mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati.

Ubwoko bw'ibikoresho byo gushyiramo no guhuza ibikoresho

M03-21073 ishobora gushyirwa mu buryo butatu:

• Ishyizwe ku rukuta— ishyigikiwe n'udukingirizo tw'inkuta dukomeye, aho hasi munsi y'aho bashyira ibintu bisukuye hagomba gusukurwa. Iyi ni yo miterere isanzwe y'ahantu ho gusukura mu cyumba cyo kubaga aho isuku yo hasi ari ingenzi cyane.

• Uhagaze wenyine ku maguru yo gushyigikira— ishyigikiwe n'amaguru y'icyuma kidashonga, ikwiriye ahantu hadahagije ubushobozi bw'inkuta bwo gutwara umutwaro wose w'umuyoboro w'amazi menshi cyangwa aho imiyoboro y'amazi inyura munsi y'urwego rwo hasi.

• Igorofa rishyizwemo ibishyigikizo ku rukuta— imiterere y’uruhererekane ihuza amaguru yo hasi n’udukingirizo duhamye dushyizwe ku rukuta, ikoreshwa ku bice bine aho uburebure n’uburemere bisaba inkunga y’inyongera y’imiterere.

Ubwoko bw'aho umushinga uzashyirwa bushobora kugaragazwa hashingiwe ku bishushanyo mbonera by'umushinga, ubwoko bw'inkuta, n'imiterere y'amazi. Ku mishinga y'ubwubatsi bw'ibitaro mu duce tw'imitingito, imiterere y'ubutaka ishyizwe hasi hamwe n'inkingi zo ku rukuta itanga ubudahangarwa bwiyongereye ku mpande.