Papa Kaunta Kowiri tira: Whakarei ake i te Uara o te Kīhini me ngā Mata Totohu

Eke atu ki roto i tētahi wharekai pukumahi, ā, he rite ki tētahi kōnohete toka tunu kai: e tangi ana ngā kohua pērā i ngā himipora, e whakatangi ana ngā kaimahi tunu kai i ngā ota, ā, e pōrearea ana te mamaoa pērā i te kohu atamira. Kei waenganui o tēnei ngangau nui ko ngā toa tokorua kāore i te mōhiotia: ko ngā totohu me ngā mata o te papa kaunta he kowiri tira.

Ko rātou te pou tokomanawa o te whai huatanga, te akuaku, me te āhua, e mahi ana i ngā mea katoa mai i te horoi i ngā hua hou ki te whakarite i ngā kai ki runga i tētahi mata kanapa, pakari. Ki te kore rātou, ka pāngia te kīhini e te kawa, ka whakaroa ngā rerenga mahi, ka piki ake te riri.

Inaianei, whakaarohia he kīhini kua whakakīia ki tētahi totohu iti te utu, he ngoikore rānei, he papa kaunta kua paru, kua tihore. Ka turuturu te wai ki ngā wāhi katoa, ka pakaru ngā mata, ā, ka tīmata ngā kaimahi ki te amuamu. Ngā kaitirotiro hauora? Kei te kopikopiko rātou pērā i ngā kāhu, kua rite ki te tuhi i ngā takahi ture tere atu i te kī "he paipa kua purua." Koia te take e whakawhirinaki ai ngā kaihoahoa, ngā rangatira wharekai, ngā kaiwhakahaere whare, me ngā tohunga hoko ki ngā otinga kowiri tira papa kaunta a Xinhe hei pupuri i ngā mahi kia tere tonu.

Mai i te tau 1990, kua hangaia e Xinhe ngā otinga pakari, huatau hoki pērā i Ngā totohu wāhanga e 3me ngā mata kowiri tira e whakarei ake ana i ngā wāhi arumoni mai i te mea noa ki te mea rerekē. Me ruku tātou ki te take e whakanui ake ai ngā totohu me ngā mata kowiri tira o te papa kaunta i te uara o te kīhini mā roto i:

1. Te pakari

He rite te whakahaere i tētahi kīhini arumoni ki te whakataetae i roto i tētahi reihi manawanui o ia rā—me tino pakari ngā taputapu. Ko ngā totohu me ngā mata kowiri tira o te papa kaunta a Xinhe, he mea hanga mai i te kounga teitei.304 kowiri tira, he rite ki te pukupuku pakari o te kīhini, e ārai ana i te waikura, i ngā pakaru, i ngā karawarawa, me ngā paru. He rerekē ki ngā totohu uku ka pakaru ina paheke te kohua taumaha, ki ngā papa whakarewa rānei ka tihore ina whakamahia tonutia, he mea hanga ēnei otinga kia roa i roto i ngā āhuatanga tino uaua.

Anei te take e kore ai e taea te whakangaro:

• Mahi Roa-Tuturu: Ko Xinhetotohu arumoni nui 4-wāhanga ritenga kowiri tiraā, ka mau tonu ngā mata kore-tuitui15-20 tauo te whakamahinga mutunga kore. Ahakoa he horoi i ngā paraharaha hinuhinu i roto i tetotohu kīhini takiruamēnā rānei ka maringi ki runga i te papa mahi kowiri tira, ka mau tonu tā rātou mahi me te kore he āputa.
• Ngā Taiao UauaMai ingā totohu mopate aro atu ki ngā kaihoroi matū kinototohu karātite whakakore i te hinu me te hinu ngako, ngā teihana totohu o waho rānei e tū atu ana ki te ua me te rā, He pakari te pupuri a te papa kaunta kowiri tira**. He ngāwari te ātete o ngā mata ki ngā maripi, ki ngā paraharaha wera, me ngā taputapu taumaha.
• Ngā Wāhanga PonoHe mea hanga ngā wāhanga waikeri totohu me ngā taputapu totohu hei ārai i ngā turuturu me ngā ārai, ā, ka āraihia e ngā mata kore hononga ngā hononga ngoikore e pakaru ana i te roanga o te wā, ka whakaitihia ngā utu tiaki.

Tangohia tēnei tauira o te ao tūturu: Kua whakakapia e te wharekai o te whare wānanga pukumahi tōna tawhito, waikurangā totohu ratongame te totohu tū motuhake a Xinhe, ā, i honoa ki te mata kowiri tira ritenga mō te papa kaunta. Ko te mutunga? I heke ngā waeatanga tiaki mā te 30%, ā, i oti pai ngā tirotiro hauora ā-tau, kāore he totohu kotahi, he takahi rānei e pā ana ki te mata.

Nā tēnei i whakaora ngā mano tini i roto i ngā utu whiu me te wā kore mahi, e whakaatu ana ehara i te mea ko te pakari anake te mea nui o te pakari—engari ko te pupuri i te rere pai o tō mahi me te pupuri i tō tahua.

2. Te akuaku

Ki te mea kua tūtaki koe ki ngā kanohi kino o tētahi kaitirotiro hauora, e mōhio ana koe ehara i te mea ko te akuaku anake te mea nui—engari ko te mea nui katoa. He tino pai ngā totohu me ngā mata kowiri tira o runga o te kaunta, he maeneene, he kore-pūwero e kī ana ki ngā huakita, "Kāore he takotoranga!" He rerekē ki ngā rauemi pūwero pērā i te kōhatu, i te rakau rānei, ka taea te pupuri i ngā iroriki i roto i ngā kapiti iti, ka māmā ake te horoi mā te kowiri tira, kia tutuki ai tō kīhini i ngā paerewa tino pakari.

Anei me pēhea te pupuri i ngā mea kia ma:

• Hoahoa Ātete-HuawhenuaKa āraihia e ngā totohu kaukau arumoni me ngā teihana horoi ringa ngā huakita, ā, he mea tino pai mō ngā taiao nui pēnei i ngā hōhipera, ngā wharekai, ngā kura rānei. Ka whakaratohia e ngā mata kowiri tira o runga te wāhi ma, haumaru hoki mō te whakarite kai, ka whakaiti i ngā tūponotanga o te poke whakawhiti.
• Horoi MāmāMā ngā pūwero totohu me ngā taupoki waikeri totohu ka tere, ka māmā hoki te horoi, ā, mā ngā mata maeneene ka whakakorea ngā hononga paru e mau ana, kia kore ai he huakita huna e toe.
• Ngāwari te Whakatutukitanga: Ka tutuki i ngā totohu whakairi pakitara ngā paerewa teitei totohu ADA tika mō te urunga atu, ā,3 ngā totohu kokoruwhakangāwari i te tukanga horoi, horoi-whakapaipai e hiahiatia ana e ngā ture hauora. Ka tautokohia e ngā papa ngā tikanga haumaru kai, kia harikoa ai ngā kaitirotiro.
• Takoha Hoa-TaiaoHe mea hangarua 100% ngā totohu me ngā mata, e hangai ana ki ngā paerewa hanga whare matomato pēnei i te LEED, he tino pai mō ngā kaupapa pumau pēnei i tengā totohu kawengā papa kaute o waho rānei i ngā wāhi tūmatanui.

Tohutohu ngaioMena he maha ngā wāhi e whakahaerehia ana e koe—hei tauira, he mekameka wharekai, he whare wānanga rānei—whakaritea ō totohu mopa me ngā mata kowiri tira o te papa kaute.

Mā tēnei ka māmā ake te whakangungu kaimahi, ka whakaitihia te hiahia mō ngā mono paipa totohu rerekē, ka whakangāwari ake hoki i te tuku pūrongo mō ngā tutukitanga ture, ā, ka penapena i tō wā me tō mamae.

3. Ngā mahi maha

Papa kaunta kowiri tiraEhara ngā totohu me ngā mata i te mea kotahi noa te mahi—he rite tonu ki te maripi a te Ope Taua Huiterangi mō tō kīhini. Ahakoa kei te hoahoa koe i tētahi rūma inu huatau, i tētahi rūma tiaki hōhipera, i tētahi wharekai pukumahi rānei, ka urutau ngā hua a Xinhe, mai i ngā totohu kīhini kokonga ki ngā mata kowiri tira whakauru, ki tētahi wāhi me te ngāwari.

Tirohia ō rātou ngāwari:

• Ngā Otinga Penapena-WāhiAtotohu i roto i te totohuKa whakanuia e te totohu kokonga o te kīhini ngā whakatakotoranga piripono i roto i ngā wharekai whakamarie, ā, ka hanumi pai ngā mata kowiri tira o te papa kaute kua tapahia kia rite ki te momo rauemi o te papa kaute, mai i te māpere ki te raima.
• Ngā Taupānga Motuhake: Me hiahia hetotohu pae itimō tētahi pae inu huatau, hetotohu horoi kakahumō te whakamakuku i ngā rinena, mō te totohu kawe rānei me te wai wera mō te kai o waho? Kei a Xinhe te tikanga. Ka tautokohia e ngā papa te whakarite mahi taumaha, te whakatakoto taputapu, tae atu ki ngā wāhi whakaatu mō ngā kai parakuihi.
• Ngā Taputapu AtamaiTāpirihia he taupoki totohu hei wāhi mahi, he taputapu totohu arumoni me te pūwero totohu hei horoi tere, he totohu papa waikeri rānei hei tere ake te maroke. Ka honoa ngā mata ki ngā whata totohu hei tiaki i te totohu me te papa kaute i te wā e whakamahia nuitia ana.
• Hoahoa WāteaMā ngā totohu e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga ADA me ngā pae hopu ADA, ngā nohoanga kaukau ADA rānei, ka tutuki ngā ture i ngā wāhi tūmatanui, ā, ka taea te whakarite i ngā mata kowiri tira o te papa kaute kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga totohu ADA mō te teitei me te ātea.

He tauira tūturu: I whakahoutia e tētahi hōtēra pakupaku tōna wāhi pae me ngā totohu kīhini o raro a Xinhe me ngā mata kowiri tira ritenga mō te papa kaute. I whiwhi wāhi nui ngā kaimahi pae, i heke te wā horoi mā te 20%, ā, kāore i mutu te mihi a ngā manuhiri mō te āhua ataahua, hou hoki.

He tohu tēnei kāore te totohu me te mata tika e mahi noa iho—engari he mea whakamiharo, e whakarei ake ana i te rere o te mahi me te wheako o te kiritaki.

4. Te Whai Hua o te Utu

Ahakoa te āhua utu nui o ngā totohu me ngā mata iti te utu, he rite tonu ki te hoko hū utu iti—ka tere te pakaru, ka nui ake te pire. He haumitanga atamai ake ngā totohu me ngā mata kowiri tira a Xinhe, e tuku ana i ngā penapena mō te wā roa me te kore e whakararu i te kounga.

Anei me pēhea rātou e penapena moni ai i a koe:

• Te Tiaki ItiHoroia ki te hopi me te wai anake; ngā ira uaua?Tangohia te waikura mai i te maitai kore waikuraki te winika whare, ki te houra tunutunu rānei—kāore e hiahiatia he kaihoroi utu nui. Ka ātete ngā mata ki ngā paru me ngā karawarawa, ā, kāore e hiahiatia he whakakanapa motuhake.
• Te Tiaki WaiHonoa ngā totohu ki ngā takirere ine, ki ngā taputapu horoi totohu rānei hei whakaiti i ngā pire wai i ngā wāhi e nui ana te haere o te tangata pērā i ngā toa hokohoko, ngā kura, ngā papa tākaro rānei. Ka whakaitihia te wā horoi e ngā papa, ka wātea ai ngā kaimahi mō ētahi atu mahi.
• Ngā Kaiwhakaora WāMā te totohu wāhanga-toru ka māmā ake te horoi rihi, ā, mā te totohu papa ka tere ake te whakahaere i ngā turuturu. Mā ngā mata kowiri tira o runga o te kaunta mahi ka tere ake te whakarite, ka penapena i ngā hāora kaimahi, ka whakapiki ake hoki i te hua.
• He hua te pakariHe mea hanga ngā wāhanga o te taputapu totohu me ngā mata kore-raru kia roa, kia iti ake ai ngā utu whakatika. Mā te iti o ngā pakaru ka iti ake te wā kore mahi, ā, ka nui ake hoki ngā tahua.

Me tātai tātou: Kotahi te wharekai i whakapai ake ki tētahi mata kowiri tira Xinhe me tētahi mata papa kaunta, e penapena ana i te 12 meneti mō ia wā horoi rihi—neke atu i te 70 hāora ia tau mō ia teihana. Mō tētahi mekameka maha-wāhi, he nui ngā penapena hei haumi ki tētahi mīhini kawhe hou, ki tētahi whakangungu kaimahi rānei.

Tāpiri atu ki tēnā, me te mono paipa totohu pakarisme ngā hoahoa maeneene, ka noho iti ngā utu whakatika, ka noho harikoa tonu tō hua.

5. Te Whakatairanga Ataahua me te Waitohu

Papa kaunta kowiri tiraEhara i te mea ko te horoi i ngā kohua, ko te whakarite kai rānei ngā totohu me ngā mata—he whakaaturanga āhua ataahua. Ko tōna āhua maeneene, kanapa e karanga ana he "ngaio" i roto i te wharekai kai reka.totohu whakarite, he huinga totohu wharepaku mō te pātaka umanga, he totohu whakairi pakitara rānei mō te wharepaku tūmatanui.

He aha i toa ai rātou i te hoahoa:

• Te Āhuatanga Mutunga KoreKa uru te kowiri tira ki ngā āhua ataahua katoa, mai i te āhua iti ki te āhua ahumahi, me ngā whāriki totohu i raro i te tuanui, ngā totohu rānei e tuku ana i te ngāwari o te hoahoa. Ka hangaia e ngā mata kowiri tira o runga i te papa kaute he āhua hou, he āhua piripono.
• Te Haumaru me te KāhuaMā ngā āhuatanga ārai-here me ngā tikanga tautuhi-wā kino i roto i ngā totohu kaukau arumoni** ka noho haumaru, engari kāore e whakaiti i te kanapa, he mea tino pai mō ngā wāhi tūmatanui e nui ana te haere o te tangata.
• Ma, ā, kua orohiaKa huna ngā paipa wai kino e ngā taupoki totohu kaukau, ā, ka tāpirihia e ngā waikeri pakitara he āhua mahi. Ka honoa ngā mata ki te āhua, ka hangaia he wāhi ngaio, kotahi.
• Te Whakatipuranga WaitohuKo te totohu kowiri tira me te mata kanapa e tohu ana i te kounga me te aro ki ngā taipitopito, e miharo ana ki ngā kiritaki, ngā manuhiri, me ngā kairihi.

TauiraI tāutahia e tētahi kamupene hangarau hou te wharepaku arumoni a Xinhe, te totohu horoi ringa, me ngā mata kowiri tira o te papa kaute ki roto i tana kīhini tari. I mihi ngā kaimahi ki te āhua hou, ma, ā, i kōrero te rangatira whare he nui ake te pupuri kairēti—he tohu ka taea e te totohu me te mata pai te whakanui mārire i te ingoa o tō waitohu.

Whakamutunga

Nā, he aha te take e tiaho ai ngā kīhini i runga i te papa kaunta? He ranunga tino pai o te pakari, te akuaku, te maha o ngā whakamahinga, te whai huatanga o te utu, me te āhua. Mai i ngā totohu e toru e whakakaha ana i ngā wharekai pukumahi ki ngā whakatakotoranga totohu kawe me ngā mata ritenga mō ngā taraka kai, ka tutuki i ngā otinga kowiri tira papa kaunta a Xinhe ngā hiahia pakihi-ki-pākihi.

Tūhurahia ngā otinga kowiri tira a Xinhe mō te papa kaunta, whakapā atu rānei kiratonga kiritakimō ngā hoahoa kua whakaritea kia rite ki tō moemoeā. Tikiake i te rārangi Xinhe kia kitea ai me pēhea te hurihanga o te papa kaunta rino i tō wāhi mai i te mea noa ki te mea whakamiharo.