Isikhokelo soYilo kunye nesikhokelo soMbhobho wokuhlamba iinyawo weWudu kwiimosque
Izinto zangasese eziqhelekileyo ziyasilela xa umnquli ephakamisa unyawo olunye emhlabeni. Imigangatho etyibilikayo, iikhawuntara eziphakame ngendlela engafanelekanga, kunye nemibhobho yamanzi ebuyela umva ngexesha lomthandazo ophakamileyo iguqula uxanduva lwesiko lube yingozi.umatshini wokuhlamba iinyawo we-wuduisusa nganye yezi ndawo zokusilela, ngaphandle kokuba iinkcukacha zibala inani labasebenzisi, ulandelelwano lwesithethe, kunye nobunjineli bokuhambisa amanzi ukususela ekuqaleni.
Esi sikhokelo sinika iikomiti zeMosque, abacwangcisi bamagumbi okuthandaza ezikhululweni zeenqwelo-moya, kunye nabaphathi beendawo zonqulo ezahlukeneyo iiparameter abazidingayo ukuze bathathe indawo yokuhlamba iinyawo ukusuka kwingcamango ukuya kumzobo ovunyiweyo woomatshini.
Indlela iWudu Sequence eyila ngayo uyilo
Ulandelelwano lokuhlamba i-wudu lulandela ulandelelwano olumiselweyo, kwaye inyathelo ngalinye linentsingiselo ethe ngqo yoomatshini:
- Izandla(×3): naluphi na ubude obuqhelekileyo besitya busebenza; akukho mfuneko yokufikelela kwinqanaba lomgangatho
- Umlomo nempumlo(×3): indawo efanayo yesitya; indlela yokusebenzisa amanzi afakwe kwikomityi, akukho mfuneko yokutshintsha izinto
- Ubuso(×3): indawo efanayo yesitya
- Iingalo ukuya kwiingqiniba(×3): abasebenzisi bolula iingalo phambili; isitya esibanzi sinciphisa ukuchaphaza
- Intloko (ukusula): ipasi enye; akukho mfuneko yamanzi ahambayo
- Iinyawo ukuya emaqatheni(×3):eli nyathelo liqhuba yonke inkcazo yomgqomo
Iinyawo ziza emva. Ukuze zihlanjwe, umsebenzisi kufuneka aphakamise unyawo ngalunye aye kumphetho wesitya okanye ahlale phantsi aze aphakamise unyawo ngalunye aye kwindawo yokuphuma esezantsi. Kwiziko likawonke-wonke, indlela yokuhlala yeyona ndlela igcina umngcipheko wokuwa uphezulu. Loo mfuneko inye, yokuba umsebenzisi ohleli phantsi ahlambe unyawo olunye ngexesha, imisela ubude bomngxuma, indawo yesihlalo, indawo yereli yokubeka iinyawo, kunye nendawo yokukhupha amanzi.
Oku kubeka i-wudu foot washer kudidi olufanayo lokukhupha amanzi oluphantsi njengaloisinki esityibilikayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo, nangona indlela yokuma yomsebenzisi kunye nolandelelwano lwesiko zifuna uqwalaselo olwahlukileyo.
Ubungakanani boMzila ngokweBalo lwaBasebenzisi
Nika isiseko seUbude bomgqomo othe tyaba obuyi-600 mm (24 in.) ngomsebenzisi ngamnyeNgaphantsi kwaloo mda, ukudibana kwengqiniba phakathi kwabasebenzisi abakufutshane kuphazamisa isiko kwaye kudala indawo yokuxinana ngexesha lokuhlala kwindawo ephezulu.
Umthandazo weJumu'ah wangoLwesihlanu kunye neendibano ze-Eid zimele umthwalo olawula uyilo. Indawo eqhuba ibandla labantu abangama-200 ngexesha lokuhlamba ngaphantsi kwemizuzu engama-20 inengxaki yokufikelela kwimveliso, kwaye inani lezixhobo liyinxalenye nje yayo. Sebenzisa itheyibhile engezantsi ukuze udibanise ubude bomngxuma kunye nomthamo womsebenzisi ngaxeshanye:
| Ubude boMkhombe | Abasebenzisi ngaxeshanye | Inani leeFaucet | Isicelo esiqhelekileyo |
|---|---|---|---|
| 600 mm (24 in.) | 1 | 1 | Igumbi lokuthandaza leofisi, igumbi elincinci elineenkolo ezininzi |
| 1,200 mm (48 in.) | 2 | 2 | I-mosque encinci, igumbi leenkolo ezininzi zeenkampani |
| 1,800 mm (71 in.) | 3 | 3 | Iziko lamaSilamsi loluntu, igumbi lokuthandaza lezothutho kwisikhululo seenqwelo-moya |
| 2,400 mm (94 in.) | 4 | 4 | I-mosque enkulu, iholo yomthandazo yeyunivesithi |
| 3,000 mm+ (118 in+) | 5+ | 5+ | Isikhululo seenqwelo-moya esikhulu, iziko leenkomfa, ibala lemidlalo |
Iindawo zokuhlamba zamadoda nabafazi zifunaukufakelwa kwemibhobho eyahlukeneyo, ezimeleyoendaweni yeyunithi enye enamacala amabini. Iziseko zophuhliso lokuhambisa amanzi amdaka ezisetyenziswa kunye zamkelekile; ukufikelela kwisinki esetyenziswa kunye akwamkelekanga.
UXinhe uyayilaIsixhobo sokuhlamba iinyawo seWudu sentsimbi engagqwaliyo (iModel PQ472)kwindawo eqhelekileyo exhonywe kumgangatho eyi-500 × 780 × 451 mm, enobukhulu obukhethekileyo kunye nemigca eqhubekayo yezikhululo ezininzi kumjelo wokuhambisa amanzi owabelwana ngawo ukuze ulingane nayo nayiphi na inqanaba lomthamo ongaphezulu. Isakhiwo esiqhelekileyo sisebenzisa intsimbi engagqwaliyo yeBakala 304; IBakala 316 liyafumaneka kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni kunye neenkundla zomthandazo ezingaphandle. Thumela inani labantu okulindelekileyo kunye nobukhulu begumbi kwiqela leXinhe ukuze ufumane isiphakamiso soyilo olunemilinganiselo.
Uyilo lweSitishi esinye, esiphindwe kabini, nesithathu
Isitishi esinye (600 mm)
- Faka i-trough flush eludongeni olumanzi: isihlalo esinye, itephu enye, iplagi enye yokukhupha amanzi
- Sebenzisa idreyini kwindlela emfutshane yombhobho ukuya kwi-stack
- Beka isihlalo kubude obuyi-450 mm sijonge kwisitya sokuhlambela, kunye ne-Ipaseji ecacileyo engama-800 mmemva kwayo
Isitishi esiphindwe kabini (1,200 mm)
- Iindawo ezimbini ezingama-600 mm zabelana ngomsele omnye osembindini, kunye nesihlalo kwicala ngalinye
- Yithi tyaba umgangatho wombhobho ngaphakathi nge-1:60 ukusuka kumacala omabini, ukuze indawo yokukhupha amanzi ihlale kwindawo ephantsi
- Gcina indlela ecacileyo engama-800 mm kwindawo nganye yokuhlala
Isitishi esiphindwe kathathu (1,800 mm)
- Iindawo ezintathu, iindawo ezintathu zokukhupha amanzi ezizimeleyo
- Musa ukuhlanganisana kwi-drain enye xa amanzi ebaleka nge-1,800 mm: xa umthwalo uphezulu, iplagi enye ye-75 mm ayinakukwazi ukumelana nokuhamba kwempompo kathathu ngaxeshanye ngaphandle kokubuyela umva.
- Gcina indlela ecacileyo engama-800 mm phakathi komphetho ongaphambili wesihlalo ngasinye kunye nodonga okanye isixhobo esichaseneyo.
I-Ergonomics yeSihlalo kunye neSitulo seenyawo
Yonke imilinganiselo engezantsi ivela kwimfuneko enye yokusebenza: umntu omdala ohleli phantsi kufuneka aphakamise unyawo olunye ukuya kutsho emaqatheni ngaphakathi kwisitya sokuhlambela, abambe loo ndawo kangangemijikelo emithathu yokuhlamba, aze ehle aye kumgangatho omanzi ngaphandle kokutyibilika.
- Ukuphakama kobuso besihlalo:I-450 mm (18 in.) ngaphezu komgangatho ogqityiweyo, ilungelelaniswe nobude besitulo obuqhelekileyo ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-lumbar ngexesha lokuphakamisa unyawo
- Ukuphakama kwereli yokubeka iinyawo:150–200 mm (6–8 in.) ngaphezu komgangatho wesitya, ubeke isithende kwi-engile yendalo ngaphandle kokunyanzela idolo ukuba libe ngaphezu kwesinqe
- Umgama othe tye, umphetho ongaphambili wesihlalo ukuya embindini wefaucet:350–400 mm (14–16 in.), igcina itephu ifikeleleka ngaphandle kokugoba phambili esihlalweni
- Ububanzi besihlalo ngokwesikhundla somsebenzisi:ubuncinci i-450 mm (18 in.) ukuthintela ukudibana kwamagxa nabasebenzisi abakufutshane
Yenza isihlalo sibe njengeicandelo elidibeneyo elihlanganisiweyoyesakhelo somgxobhozo. Izihlalo ezinebholti zisebenza ngokukhululekileyo kwiindawo ezimanzi rhoqo kwiinyanga ezili-18-24: ujongano lwentambo luyabola kwaye isihlalo siphuhlisa ukudlala ecaleni okwazisa umngcipheko wokuwa phantsi komthwalo oguqukayo.
Uyilo lweMisele kunye noThintelo lokuGqibela kwamanzi
Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwamanzi okuhambisa amanzi sesona sikhalazo sixhaphakileyo kwiirekhodi zokugcinwa kwe-wudu foot washer. Unobangela oyintloko phantse uhlala ungaphantsi kobukhulu bombhobho, ukuthambeka okunganelanga, okanye zombini. Itheyibhile engezantsi ichaza ubuncinci bemilinganiselo yobunjineli:
| Ipharamitha yokukhupha amanzi | Ubuncinci beNkcazo | Injongo yoBunjineli |
|---|---|---|
| Ithambeka lomgangatho womkhombe | 1:60(Ithontsi le-16 mm ngemitha nganye) | Isusa amanzi amileyo; ihambisa intlenga iye kwindawo yokuphuma |
| Ububanzi bokukhupha amanzi | 75 mm (3 in.) | Iphatha ukuhamba kwe-multifaucet ngaxeshanye; iyamelana nokuvaleka kweenwele |
| Uqhagamshelo lombhobho wenkunkuma | Ngqo kwi-P-trap, ubuncinci be-50 mm (2 in.) bore | Ivala igesi yokuhambisa amanzi amdaka ukuba ingangeni kwindawo yokuthandaza |
| Ukuvulwa kwegridi yesihluzo | UMax.4 mm | Ibamba iinwele kunye nefayibha ngaphambi kombhobho wenkunkuma |
| Ukuphakama komlomo ogqithisileyo | 50 mm ngaphezulu komgca wokuvala itephu | Ithintela ukukhukula kwamanzi ukuba ivalvu yesensor ayisebenzi okanye ivuleka |
Kuyo nayiphi na imbiza ende ngaphezu kwe-2,400 mm, faka iindawo zokukhupha amanzi kwi-iziphelo zombiniendaweni yesikhungo. Umsele ophakathi kuphela kwindawo yokubaleka eyi-3,000 mm udinga umthambeka oyi-1:30 ukuze ucoce icala elikude, elimxinwa kunokuba umsebenzisi evumela kwaye kunzima ukulenza rhoqo. Imisele emibini esekupheleni kwindawo yokubaleka eyi-1:60 ilungisa ijiyometri.
Iindlela zokulawula i-faucet:
- Ivalvu yenzwa ye-infrared:ukuvala ngokuzenzekelayo kwemizuzwana eli-15 kumisa iimpompo ezihamba phakathi kwamanyathelo okuhlamba, umthombo oyintloko wenkunkuma yamanzi kwiimpompo ezenziwe ngesandla; kufuna umbane ongangeni manzi kwindawo emanzi (ubuncinane i-transformer ye-IP67)
- Ivalvu yokuzivala ebambezelekayo:ukuvalwa kwexesha loomatshini ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kumbane; kulungele izixhobo ezisebenzisa umbane ongapheliyo, okanye iiprojekthi ze-BREEAM kunye ne-LEED ezingafuni ziseko zombane kwiindawo ezimanzi.
- Itephu yesiphatho se-lever:ixabiso eliphantsi; chaza kuphela apho abasebenzi bajonga khona igumbi, kuba impompo eshiywe isebenza ayiphumeleli uyilo lomsele wokuhambisa amanzi
Ukumelana nokutyibilika, izixhobo, kunye noKhuseleko lweNdawo
Indawo yokuhlamba inengozi enkulu yokutyibilika kunayo nayiphi na indawo kwindawo yokuthandaza. Abasebenzisi batshintsha ukusuka ekuhlaleni ukuya kuma kumgangatho omanzi ngelixa belawula iinyawo ezimanzi kunye nezihlangu ezikhululekileyo. Iindawo ezintathu zifuna iindlela ezintathu zomphezulu:
Indawo emanzi (ngaphakathi kwisitya):Ireyile yokubeka iinyawo kunye nomgangatho wombhobho kufuneka uthwaleipateni yedayimani okanye ubume be-cross-hatch. Ziphephe iindawo ezithe tyaba ezigudileyo naphi na apho umphezulu udibana khona nentsimbi. Cacisa ukugqitywa okubhrashiweyo (Ra 0.8–1.6 μm) kuzo zonke iindawo ezingezizo ezobume; intsimbi epholishwe ngesipili kwindawo emanzi iyingozi.
Indawo yokutshintsha (inyathelo lokuphuma):Faka umati werabha ofunxayo okanye umsele womsele wesibini kwindawo yokuphuma. Abasebenzisi baphuma kwindawo yokusela bemanzi iinyawo zabo zisiya kwindawo edla ngokuba yindlela yeholo yokuthandaza ekhaphethi. I-buffer ye-600 mm emanzi kwindawo yokuphuma yokusela ibamba amanyathelo amabini okanye amathathu okuqala ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzisi afike kwikhaphethi yokuthandaza.
Ireyile yokuthabatha:Faka i-aIreyile yokubamba engatyiwayo enobubanzi obuyi-32 mm (1.25 in.)phakathi kwesikhundla ngasinye somsebenzisi kwi800–900 mm (31–35 in.) ngaphezu komgangatho ogqityiweyoIreyile isebenza ukusuka ekuhlaleni ukuya ekumeni, indawo enomngcipheko omkhulu wokuwa kulandelelwano.
Chaza umgangatho kulo lonke igumbi lokuhlambela ukuyaubuncinane be-R11 pendulum-resistance-resistance rating(ixabiso lovavanyo lwe-pendulum ≥ 36). I-R10 ayanelanga kwindawo emanzi rhoqo enokususwa kwezihlangu.
| Izinto eziphathekayo | Ukugquma | Umngcipheko weeBhaktheriya | Indlela yokucoca | Ubomi beNkonzo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uhlobo lwentsimbi engagqwaliyo engu-304 | Unothi | Iphantsi (akukho miqolo ye-grout) | Isixhobo sokucoca iintsholongwane esingathathi cala, yonke imihla | iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20 |
| Ithayile yeseramikhi ene-grout | Phezulu (i-grout) | Phezulu (i-biofilm kwi-grout) | Ukucoca nge-grout, veki nganye | Iminyaka esi-8–12 |
| Ikhonkrithi evaliweyo | Phakathi | Phakathi (inomtsalane womphezulu) | Ukuvala kwakhona ngonyaka | Iminyaka emi-5–7 (ngaphambi kokuvalwa kwakhona) |
Ukuze uthelekise ngokubanzi ukhetho lwe-stainless steel xa kuthelekiswa nolwe-ceramic kunye nolwe-polymer, isikhokelo kwizeziphi izinto ezisebenza kakuhle kwisinki yombane kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninziigubungela idatha yokusebenza kwexesha elide kwiindawo ezimanzi ezifanayo.
FAQ
Ngaba imithetho yokwakha ifuna izibonelelo ze-wudu ezizinikeleyo?
Akukho khowudi yesakhiwo ebiza igama elithi “wudu” njengodidi olufunekayo. UMthetho woLingano wase-UK ka-2010, uMthetho woCalucalulo loKhubazeko lwase-Australia, uMthetho wamaLungelo oLuntu waseKhanada, kunye nomthetho wamatyala endawo yokuhlala kwindawo yokusebenza yeSihloko VII ye-US zonke zifuna abaqeshi kunye nabasebenzi bezibonelelo zikarhulumente ukuba banike indawo efanelekileyo yonqulo. Enyanisweni, izikhululo zeenqwelo-moya ezinkulu, iiyunivesithi, ii-NHS trusts, kunye neekhampasi ezinkulu zeenkampani zijonga isikhululo sokuhlamba iinyawo se-wudu njengelungiselelo elimiselweyo lokuthobela imithetho endaweni yokuphucula ngokuzimeleyo.
Ungayithintela njani ivumba elibi kwigumbi lokuhlamba elinabantu abaninzi?
Imithombo emibini ibangela uninzi lwezikhalazo zevumba: i-biofilm kwi-grout joints ze-ceramic, kunye ne-P-trap water seals eziphuma phakathi kwamaxesha omthandazo. Umkhombe wentsimbi yonke ongenazo ii-grout joints ususa umthombo wokuqala. Kwi-P-traps, chaza i-deep-seal trap (ubunzulu be-75 mm water seal xa kuthelekiswa ne-50 mm eqhelekileyo) kwaye ufake i-air admittance valve kwi-vent stack ukuze iziganeko zoxinzelelo olubi zingayi kuphuma i-seal yome. Ngeentsuku ze-traffic ephantsi, i-solenoid yamanzi ebiza kancinci ekwi-waste line igcina i-seal itshajiwe.
Ngaba amanzi amdaka e-wudu angaphinda asetyenziswe?
Ukukhupha i-Wudu kuthathwa njenge-grey water ekhaphukhaphu: incinci kwi-suspension solids, incinci kwi-biochemical oxygen demand, kwaye ayinangcoliseko lwamanzi amnyama. Emva kokuhluzwa kokuqala kweenwele kunye ne-fibre kunye nonyango lwesibini nge-activated carbon okanye i-UV, ifanelekile ekuhlanjweni kwendlu yangasese okanye ekunkcenkceshelweni komhlaba. Iindawo ezinkulu zokufaka amanzi kwi-UAE, eMalaysia, nakwiiyunivesithi ezintsha zase-UK zisebenzisa i-closed-loop grey water recovery ukufaka amanqaku phantsi kwe-LEED v4 kunye ne-BREEAM New Construction. Umthamo unentsingiselo: ibandla labantu abangama-600 elenza ukuhlamba ngaphambi komthandazo wangoLwesihlanu livelisa malunga ne-1,200–1,800 yeelitha zamanzi amdaka anokuphinda asetyenziswe.
Iimpompo ze-wudu zifanele zikhuphe ubushushu bamanzi obungakanani?
Seta ivalvu yokuxuba i-thermostatic (TMV) ukuze ikhuphe amanzi ngexesha35–38°C (95–100°F)Ngexesha lasebusika, iimpompo zamanzi abandayo kuphela zinyanzela abasebenzisi ukuba bakhawuleze bagqibezele isiko, nto leyo ephakamisa amathuba okutyibilika xa bephuma. I-TMV ikwasusa umngcipheko wokutshisa ukuba isiphene samanzi ashushu sinyusa ubushushu bombane; uninzi lwemigangatho yezakhiwo zase-UK nase-Australia ifuna ukufakwa kwe-TMV kuyo nayiphi na indawo yokuhlamba efikelelekayo njengesixhobo sokukhusela esisisiseko.
Uluhlu Lokugqibela Lokujonga Inkcazelo
Sebenzisa olu luhlu njengesango lokuvunywa kwangaphambili ngaphambi kokukhupha imizobo yoomatshini yokufakelwa kwe-wudu foot washer.
- Ubuncinane obuyi-600 mm ubude bomgqomo othe tyaba obunikwe ngokwesikhundla somsebenzisi ngamnye
- Ukufakelwa kweembiza zamadoda nabafazi ezichazwe njengeeyunithi ezizimeleyo
- Ukuphakama kobuso besihlalo: 450 mm (18 in.) ngaphezu komgangatho ogqityiweyo
- Ukuphakama kwereli yokubeka iinyawo: 150–200 mm (6–8 in.) ngaphezulu komgangatho wesitya
- Ukufikelela ngokuthe tye ukusuka kwisihlalo ukuya kwimpompo: 350–400 mm (14–16 in.)
- Ububanzi besihlalo kwindawo nganye: ubuncinci yi-450 mm (18 in.); ulwakhiwo oludibeneyo oluhlanganisiweyo
- Ithambeka lokukhupha amanzi emgangathweni: 1:60 (16 mm/m) ubuncinci
- Ububanzi bokukhupha amanzi: 75 mm (3 in.) kwindawo nganye; iindawo ezimbini zokukhupha amanzi ezisebenza ngaphezulu kwama-2,400 mm
- Ukuvulwa kwegridi yesihluzo: ubuninzi be-4 mm
- Itywina elinzulu le-P-trap (ubunzulu bamanzi obuyi-75 mm) liqinisekisiwe kwisicwangciso sokukhupha amanzi
- Izinto zombhobho: Uhlobo lwentsimbi engagqwaliyo yohlobo lwe-304, ubuncinci i-1.5 mm (i-gauge ye-16); Uhlobo lwe-316 kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni okanye ezingaphandle kancinci
- Iikona zangaphakathi zomngxuma: ubuncinane irediyasi ye-R10 mm (akukho majoyinti abukhali e-engile yasekunene)
- Ireyile yokubamba: ububanzi obuyi-32 mm, 800–900 mm AFF, phakathi kwendawo nganye yomsebenzisi
- Umgangatho wegumbi lokuhlambela: Uvavanyo lwe-R11 pendulum slip (PTV ≥ 36) kulo lonke indawo emanzi
Ukulungele ukutshintsha ukusuka kuluhlu lokujonga ukuya kumzobo?Thumela isicwangciso sakho somgangatho kunye nenani labantu abalindelekileyo ngoLwesihlanu kwiXinhe ukuze kuhlolwe iinkcukacha kunye nekoteshini yokuseta i-wudu foot washer eyenzelwe wena.
