Umhlahlandlela Wokuklama Nokukhipha Amanzi E-Wudu Foot Washer Wezindela ZamaSulumane
Izinto zangasese ezijwayelekile ziyahluleka ngesikhathi umkhulekeli ephakamisa unyawo olulodwa phansi. Izitezi ezishelelayo, ama-countertops aphakeme ngendlela engafanele, kanye nama-drain abuyela emuva ngezikhathi zomthandazo ophakeme kakhulu kushintsha isibopho sesiko sibe yingozi.umshini wokuwasha izinyawo we-wuduisusa ngalinye lala maphuzu okwehluleka, uma nje imininingwane ibala inani labasebenzisi, ukulandelana kwemisebenzi, kanye nobunjiniyela bokukhipha amanzi kusukela ekuqaleni.
Lo mhlahlandlela unikeza amakomiti ama-mosque, abahleli begumbi lokuthandaza lasesikhumulweni sezindiza, kanye nabaphathi bezikhungo eziningi zezinkolo imingcele abayidingayo ukuze bathathe indawo yokugeza izinyawo kusukela emqondweni kuya ekudwebeni okuvunyelwene ngomshini.
Indlela Uchungechunge Lwe-Wudu Olubumba Ngayo Umklamo
Uchungechunge lokugeza i-wudu lulandela uhlelo oluhleliwe, futhi isinyathelo ngasinye sinomthelela oqondile womshini:
- Izandla(×3): noma yikuphi ukuphakama okujwayelekile kwesitsha; akukho ukufinyelela ezingeni eliphansi okudingekayo
- Umlomo nekhala(×3): indawo efanayo yesitsha; indlela yamanzi afakwe indebe, akukho ukuguqulwa kwento okudingekayo
- Ubuso(×3): indawo efanayo yesitsha
- Izingalo kuya ezindololwaneni(×3): abasebenzisi belula izingalo phambili; indishi ebanzi inciphisa ukuchaphaza
- Ikhanda (ukusula): iphasi elilodwa; asikho isidingo samanzi agobhozayo
- Izinyawo kuya emaqakaleni(×3):lesi sinyathelo siqhuba yonke imininingwane yomthamo
Izinyawo ziza ekugcineni. Ukuze zigezwe, umsebenzisi kumele aphakamise unyawo ngalunye aye emphethweni wesitsha noma ahlale phansi aphakamise unyawo ngalunye aye endaweni yokuphuma ephansi. Esikhungweni sikahulumeni, indlela yokuhlala iyindlela kuphela egcina ingozi yokuwa isezingeni elamukelekayo. Leso sidingo esisodwa, umsebenzisi ohleli phansi egeza unyawo olulodwa ngesikhathi, sibeka ukuphakama komsele, indawo yesihlalo, indawo yesitimela sokuphumula kwezinyawo, kanye nendawo yokukhipha amanzi.
Lokhu kubeka umshini wokuwasha izinyawo we-wudu esigabeni esifanayo sokukhipha amanzi esisezingeni eliphansi njengeisinki esinophahla kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo, yize ukuma komsebenzisi kanye nokulandelana kwesiko kudinga ukucushwa okuhlukile.
Usayizi Ohambayo Ngokwenani Labasebenzisi
Nika isisekelo seUbude bomgqomo oqondile obungu-600 mm (24 in.) ngomsebenzisi ngamunyeNgaphansi kwalowo mkhawulo, ukuthintana kwendololwane phakathi kwabasebenzisi abaseduze kuphazamisa isiko futhi kudala indawo yokuncishana ngesikhathi sokuhlala kwabantu abaningi.
Umthandazo weJumu'ah kanye nemibuthano ye-Eid ngoLwesihlanu imele umthwalo olawula umklamo. Isikhungo esiqhuba ibandla labantu abangu-200 ngesikhathi sokugeza ngaphansi kwemizuzu engama-20 sinenkinga yokuphuma okufanele siyixazulule, futhi inani lezinto ezisetshenziswayo liyingxenye nje yalo. Sebenzisa ithebula elingezansi ukuze uqhathanise ubude bomgqomo nomthamo womsebenzisi ngesikhathi esisodwa:
| Ubude Bomsele | Abasebenzisi Abasebenza Ngesikhathi Esifanayo | Inani lamapayipi | Isicelo Esijwayelekile |
|---|---|---|---|
| 600 mm (24 in.) | 1 | 1 | Igumbi lokuthandaza lasehhovisi, ikamelo elincane elinezinkolo eziningi |
| 1,200 mm (48 in.) | 2 | 2 | I-mosque encane, i-suite yezinkampani eziningi zezinkolo |
| 1,800 mm (71 in.) | 3 | 3 | Isikhungo samaSulumane somphakathi, igumbi lokuthandaza lezokuthutha esikhumulweni sezindiza |
| 2,400 mm (94 in.) | 4 | 4 | I-mosque enkulu, ihholo lomthandazo leyunivesithi |
| 3,000 mm+ (118 in+) | 5+ | 5+ | Isikhungo esikhulu sezindiza, isikhungo semihlangano, inkundla yezemidlalo |
Izindawo zokugeza zabesilisa nabesifazane zidingaukufakwa kwemisele ehlukene, ezimelekunokuba kube neyunithi eyodwa enamacala amabili. Ingqalasizinda yokudonsa amanzi ehlanganyelwe iyamukeleka; ukufinyelela echibini elihlanganyelwe akwamukeleki.
UXinhe uqambaI-Wudu Foot Washer Yensimbi Engagqwali (Model PQ472)endaweni ejwayelekile yokubeka phansi engu-500 × 780 × 451 mm, enobukhulu obujwayelekile kanye nemigqa yeziteshi eziningi eqhubekayo emanzini ahlanganyelwe ukuze ifane nanoma yiliphi izinga lomthamo elingenhla. Isakhiwo esijwayelekile sisebenzisa insimbi engagqwali yeBanga 304; IBanga 316 liyatholakala ezindaweni ezisogwini kanye namagceke omthandazo angaphandle. Thumela inani labantu okulindelekile kanye nobukhulu begumbi eqenjini le-Xinhe ukuze uthole isiphakamiso sokwakheka okulinganiselwe.
Izakhiwo Zesiteshi Esisodwa, Esiphindwe Kabili, Nesesithathu
Isiteshi esisodwa (600 mm)
- Faka i-trough flush odongeni olumanzi: isihlalo esisodwa, i-pouper eyodwa, i-drain outlet eyodwa
- Vula ipayipi ngendlela emfushane kakhulu eya esitakini
- Beka isihlalo ekuphakameni okungu-450 mm sibheke ethangini, nge-I-aisle ecacile engu-800 mmngemuva kwayo
Isiteshi esiphindwe kabili (1,200 mm)
- Izindawo ezimbili ezingama-600 mm zabelana ngepayipi elilodwa eliphakathi nendawo, elinesihlalo ekugcineni ngakunye
- Yehlela phansi komkhombe ngaphakathi ngo-1:60 kusuka emaphethelweni womabili, ukuze indawo yokukhipha amanzi ihlale endaweni ephansi kakhulu
- Gcina indawo evulekile engama-800 mm endaweni ngayinye yokuhlala
Isiteshi esiphindwe kathathu (1,800 mm)
- Izindawo ezintathu, izindawo zokukhipha amanzi ezizimele ezintathu
- Ungahlanganisi ipayipi elilodwa lapho ugeleza khona ngamamilimitha angu-1,800: lapho ulayisha kakhulu, ipayipi elilodwa elingamamilimitha angu-75 alikwazi ukusingatha ukugeleza kompompi okuthathu ngasikhathi sinye ngaphandle kokubuyela emuva.
- Gcina indawo ecacile engu-800 mm phakathi komphetho ngamunye wesihlalo kanye nanoma yiluphi udonga noma intambo ephikisanayo
I-Ergonomics Yesihlalo Nezinyawo
Ubukhulu bonke obungezansi buvela esidingweni esisodwa esisebenzayo: umuntu omdala ohleli phansi kumele aphakamise unyawo olulodwa lufike eqakaleni ngaphakathi kwembiza, abambe leso sikhundla izikhathi ezintathu zokugeza, bese ehla phansi emanzi ngaphandle kokushelela.
- Ukuphakama kobuso besihlalo:450 mm (18 in.) ngaphezu kwephansi eliqediwe, lihambisana nokuphakama kwesihlalo okujwayelekile ukuze kuncishiswe ukucindezeleka kwe-lumbar ngesikhathi sokuphakamisa izinyawo
- Ukuphakama kwesitimela sezinyawo:150–200 mm (6–8 in.) ngaphezu kwephansi lomgodi, ubeke isithende nge-engela yemvelo ngaphandle kokuphoqa idolo ngaphezu kwesinqe
- Ibanga elivundlile, isihlalo esingaphambili esinqenqemeni esiphakathi nendawo yempompi:350–400 mm (14–16 in.), igcina impompi ifinyeleleka kalula ngaphandle kokuncika phambili esihlalweni
- Ububanzi besihlalo ngokwesikhundla somsebenzisi:okungenani ama-450 mm (18 in.) ukuvimbela ukuthintana kwamahlombe nabasebenzisi abaseduze
Lungisa isihlalo njengeingxenye ehlanganisiwe ehlanganisiweyohlaka lwe-trough. Izihlalo eziboshwe ngebholti zisebenza ngokukhululekile ezindaweni ezimanzi njalo zingakapheli izinyanga ezingu-18-24: isixhumi esibonakalayo sentambo siyabola futhi isihlalo sithuthukisa ukudlala okuseceleni okwethula ingozi yokuwa ngaphansi komthwalo oguqukayo.
Ukwakhiwa Kwamanzi Angcolile Nokuvimbela Ukuchichima
Ukungakhiphi kahle kwamanzi kuyisikhalazo esivame kakhulu kumarekhodi okugcinwa kwe-wudu foot washer. Imbangela eyinhloko cishe njalo iyindawo yokukhipha amanzi encane, ukuthambeka okunganele, noma kokubili. Ithebula elingezansi lichaza imingcele yobunjiniyela obuncane:
| Ipharamitha Yokukhipha Amanzi | Ukucaciswa Okuncane | Inhloso Yobunjiniyela |
|---|---|---|
| Umthambeka wephansi lomkhombe | 1:60(16 mm ngemitha ngayinye) | Isusa amanzi amile; ihambisa indle iye endaweni yokuphuma |
| Ububanzi bokukhipha amanzi | 75 mm (3 in.) | Iphatha ukugeleza kwempompi eziningi ngasikhathi sinye; imelana nokuvaleka kwezinwele |
| Ukuxhumeka kwepayipi likadoti | Iqonde ngqo ku-P-trap, imbobo encane engu-50 mm (2 in.) | Ivimba igesi yendle ukuthi ingangeni endaweni yokuthandaza |
| Ukuvulwa kwegridi yesihluzo | Ubukhulu.4 mm | Ibamba izinwele kanye nefayibha ngaphambi kwepayipi likadoti |
| Ukuphakama komlomo ogcwele | 50 mm ngaphezu komugqa wokuvala impompi | Ivimbela ukukhukhuleka uma i-sensor valve yehluleka noma inamathela ivulekile |
Kunoma yimuphi umgodi wokudonsa amanzi ongaphezu kuka-2,400 mm, faka izindawo zokukhipha amanzi emanzini ku-izinhlangothi zombiliesikhundleni sesikhungo. Ipayipi eliphakathi kuphela endaweni yokugijima engu-3,000 mm lidinga ukuthambeka okungu-1:30 ukuze lisuse ingxenye ekude, okuyinto elukhuni kakhulu kunalokho okuvunyelwa yinduduzo yomsebenzisi futhi okunzima ukuyenza njalo. Amapayipi amabili asemaphethelweni endaweni yokudonsa ephakathi engu-1:60 axazulula i-geometry.
Izinketho zokulawula umpompi:
- I-valve yenzwa ye-infrared:ukuvala okuzenzakalelayo kwemizuzwana eyi-15 kumisa amapayipi ahamba phakathi kwezinyathelo zokugeza, umthombo oyinhloko wamanzi angcolile kumapayipi enziwe ngesandla; kudinga ugesi ongangeni manzi endaweni emanzi (okungenani i-transformer ye-IP67)
- Ivalvu yokuzivala ebambezelekile:ukuvalwa kwesikhathi kwemishini ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kukagesi; kufaneleka izikhungo ezisebenzisa ugesi ngezikhathi ezithile, noma amaphrojekthi e-BREEAM kanye ne-LEED angafuni nhlobo ingqalasizinda kagesi ezindaweni ezimanzi.
- Ukuthepha kwesibambo se-lever:izindleko eziphansi kakhulu; chaza kuphela ukuthi abasebenzi baqapha igumbi kuphi, njengoba umpompi oshiywe ugeleza uphazamisa umklamo wokukhipha amanzi
Ukumelana Nokushelela, Izinto Zokusebenza, kanye Nokuhlukaniswa Kokuphepha
Indawo yokugeza inengozi enkulu yokushelela kunanoma iyiphi indawo endaweni yokuthandaza. Abasebenzisi bashintsha kusukela ekuhlaleni baye ekumeni phansi okumanzi ngenkathi bephatha izinyawo ezimanzi kanye nezicathulo ezikhululekile. Izindawo ezintathu zidinga amasu amathathu aphezulu:
Indawo emanzi (ngaphakathi komkhombe):Ithayela lokubeka izinyawo kanye nephansi lomkhombe kumele kubeiphethini yedayimane noma ukuthungwa kwe-cross-hatchGwema izindawo ezibushelelezi ezisicaba noma yikuphi lapho isisekelo sithinta khona insimbi. Cacisa isiphetho esibhulashiwe (Ra 0.8–1.6 μm) kuzo zonke izindawo ezingezona ezokwakheka; insimbi epholishwe ngesibuko endaweni emanzi iyisibopho.
Indawo yokuguquka (isinyathelo sokuphuma):Faka umata werabha omunca amanzi noma ipayipi lesibili phansi endaweni yokuphuma. Abasebenzisi baphuma endaweni yokuphuma bemanzi ngezinyawo beya endaweni evame ukuba yindlela yehholo lokuthandaza elinokhaphethi. I-buffer ye-wet-zone engu-600 mm ekuphumeni kokuphuma kokuphuma kokuphuma ibamba izinyathelo ezimbili noma ezintathu zokuqala ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzisi afike kukhaphethi wokuthandaza.
Isitimela sokubamba:Faka i-aIreyili yokubamba engagqwali engu-32 mm (1.25 in.) ububanziphakathi kwesikhundla ngasinye somsebenzisi ku-800–900 mm (31–35 in.) ngaphezu kwephansi eliqediweIsitimela sisebenza kusukela ekuhlaleni kuya kokuma, okuyiphuzu eliyingozi kakhulu yokuwa kulolu chungechunge.
Chaza phansi kulo lonke igumbi lokugeza ukuze kubeisilinganiso esincane sokumelana nokushelela kwe-pendulum esingu-R11(inani lokuhlolwa kwe-pendulum ≥ 36). I-R10 ayanele endaweni emanzi njalo lapho kususwa khona izicathulo.
| Izinto | Ukubhoboka | Ingozi Yamagciwane | Indlela Yokuhlanza | Impilo Yesevisi |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uhlobo lwensimbi engagqwali engu-304 | U-Zero | Okuphansi (akukho imigqa ye-grout) | Isembozo sokuhlanza esingathathi hlangothi, nsuku zonke | Iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 |
| Ithayela le-ceramic eline-grout | Okuphezulu (i-grout) | Okuphezulu (i-biofilm ku-grout) | Ukuhlanza nge-grout, masonto onke | Iminyaka engu-8–12 |
| Ukhonkolo ovaliwe | Okuphakathi nendawo | Okuphakathi nendawo (okukhangayo ebusweni) | Ukuvala kabusha minyaka yonke | Iminyaka engu-5–7 (ngaphambi kokuvalwa kabusha) |
Ukuze uthole ukuqhathanisa okubanzi kwezinketho ze-stainless thing uma kuqhathaniswa ne-ceramic kanye ne-polymer, umhlahlandlela ku-ukuthi iyiphi into esebenza kahle kakhulu kusinki yosizo ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningiihlanganisa idatha yokusebenza kwesikhathi eside kuzo zonke izindawo ezimanzi ezifanayo.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Ingabe imithetho yokwakha idinga izindawo ze-wudu ezinikezelwe?
Awekho amagama ekhodi yokwakha athi “i-wudu” njengesigaba esidingekayo. UMthetho Wokulingana wase-UK ka-2010, uMthetho Wokucwaswa Kokukhubazeka wase-Australia, uMthetho Wamalungelo Abantu WaseCanada, kanye nomthetho wamacala okuhlala endaweni yokusebenza we-US Title VII konke kudinga abaqashi kanye nabasebenzi bezikhungo zomphakathi ukuthi banikeze indawo yokuhlala efanelekile yenkolo. Empeleni, izikhumulo zezindiza ezinkulu, amanyuvesi, ama-NHS trust, kanye namakhampasi amakhulu ezinkampani aphatha isiteshi sokuhlanza izinyawo se-wudu esizinikele njengelungiselelo lokuthobela imithetho ejwayelekile kunokuthuthukiswa okuzimele.
Ukuvimbela kanjani iphunga ekamelweni lokugeza elinabantu abaningi?
Imithombo emibili ibangela izikhalazo eziningi zephunga: i-biofilm kuma-grout joints e-ceramic, kanye nama-P-trap water seals aphuma phakathi nezikhathi zomthandazo. Umgodi wensimbi ophelele ongenawo ama-grout joints ususa umthombo wokuqala. Kuma-P-traps, chaza i-deep-seal trap (ukujula kwe-water seal engu-75 mm uma kuqhathaniswa no-50 mm ojwayelekile) bese ufaka i-valve yokungenisa umoya esigxotsheni somoya ukuze izehlakalo zokucindezela ezingezinhle zingayifutha i-seal yome. Ngezinsuku zokuhamba kancane, i-solenoid ebiza kancane yokwengeza amanzi entanjeni kadoti igcina i-seal ishajekile.
Ingabe amanzi ampunga e-wudu angaphinde asetshenziswe?
Ukukhishwa kwe-wudu kufaneleka njengamanzi ampunga alula: aphansi ezintweni eziqinile ezilengayo, aphansi ekudingweni kwe-oxygen yamakhemikhali, futhi awanawo ukungcola kwamanzi amnyama. Ngemva kokuhluzwa okuyinhloko kwezinwele nefayibha kanye nokwelashwa kwesibili nge-activated carbon noma i-UV, ifaneleka ekuhlanzeni indlu yangasese noma ekuniseleni indawo. Izakhiwo ezinkulu e-UAE, eMalaysia, nasezikhungweni zokuthandaza zaseyunivesithi entsha yase-UK zisebenzisa i-closed-loop greywater recovery ukuze zifake amaphuzu ngaphansi kwe-LEED v4 kanye ne-BREEAM New Construction. Umthamo ubalulekile: ibandla labantu abangu-600 elenza ukuhlanza ngaphambi komthandazo wangoLwesihlanu likhiqiza cishe amalitha angu-1,200–1,800 amanzi ampunga angasetshenziswa kabusha.
Amapayipi e-wudu kufanele alethe izinga lokushisa lamanzi elingakanani?
Setha ivalvu yokuxuba ye-thermostatic (TMV) ukuze ihambise amanzi ku-35–38°C (95–100°F). Ebusika, ompompi bamanzi abandayo kuphela baphoqa abasebenzisi ukuba baphuthume kulo mkhuba, okwandisa amathuba okushelela lapho bephuma. I-TMV isusa nengozi yokushisa uma iphutha lamanzi ashisayo liphakamisa izinga lokushisa lomgwaqo; izindinganiso eziningi zezikhungo zase-UK nase-Australia zidinga ukufakwa kwe-TMV kunoma iyiphi indawo yokugeza efinyelelekayo njengesivikelo esiyisisekelo.
Uhlu Lokuhlola Lokugcina Lokucaciswa
Sebenzisa lolu hlu njengesango lokuvunyelwa kusengaphambili ngaphambi kokukhipha imidwebo yemishini yokufaka umshini wokuwasha izinyawo we-wudu.
- Ubuncane obungu-600 mm ubude bomgqomo oqondile obunikezwe ngesikhundla somsebenzisi ngamunye
- Ukufakwa kwemisele yabesilisa nabesifazane echazwe njengeyunithi ezizimele
- Ukuphakama kobuso besihlalo: 450 mm (18 in.) ngaphezu kwephansi eliqediwe
- Ukuphakama kwesitimela sokusekela izinyawo: 150–200 mm (6–8 in.) ngaphezu kwephansi lomkhumbi
- Ukufinyelela okuvundlile ukusuka esihlalweni kuya empompini: 350–400 mm (14–16 in.)
- Ububanzi besihlalo ngesikhundla ngasinye: okungenani u-450 mm (18 in.); ukwakhiwa okuhlanganisiwe okuhlanganisiwe okuhlanganisiwe
- Ukwehla kwamanzi phansi komkhombe: okungenani okungu-1:60 (16 mm/m)
- Ububanzi bokukhipha amanzi: 75 mm (3 in.) endaweni ngayinye; izindawo zokukhipha ezimbili ezisebenza ngaphezu kuka-2,400 mm
- Ukuvulwa kwegridi yesihluzo: ubuningi obungu-4 mm
- Ukuvalwa okujulile kwe-P-trap (ukujula kwamanzi okungu-75 mm) kuqinisekisiwe ohlelweni lokukhipha amanzi
- Izinto zomsele: Uhlobo lwensimbi engagqwali engu-304, okungenani u-1.5 mm (igeyiji engu-16); Uhlobo 316 lwezindawo ezisogwini noma ezingaphandle kancane
- Amakhona omgodi wangaphakathi: okungenani irediyasi engu-R10 mm (awekho amalunga abukhali e-engeli yesokudla)
- Ireyili yokubamba: ububanzi obungu-32 mm, 800–900 mm AFF, phakathi kwendawo ngayinye yomsebenzisi
- Iphansi legumbi lokugeza: Isilinganiso sokushelela se-pendulum esingu-R11 (PTV ≥ 36) kuyo yonke indawo emanzi
Ukulungele ukushintsha kusuka ohlwini lokuhlola uye ekudwebeni?Thumela uhlelo lwakho lwephansi kanye nenani labantu abalindelekile ngoLwesihlanu ku-Xinhe ukuze kubuyekezwe imininingwane kanye nekhotheshini ekucushweni kwe-washer yezinyawo ye-wudu eyenziwe ngokwezifiso.
