Imiterere y'icyumba cy'ibikoresho byanduye: Sinki yo mu bwoko bwa Slop, Slop Hopper n'ahantu ho gukaraba intoki munsi ya HTM64

Inyinshi mu isuzuma ry’ubwandu bw’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi bw’ibikoresho byanduye zigaragaza ikibazo kimwe: amasafuriya yanduye, indobo zo gusukura, n’imifuka y’imyanda yo kwa muganga inyura mu mwanya umwe wa metero kare 8 nta nzira ihamye kandi igana mu cyerekezo kimwe. Iyo umuforomo ufite icupa ry’inkari ryuzuye anyuze ku wundi mukozi arimo koza isuku, ibyago byo kwandura biriyongera cyane. Imiterere yateguwe neza itandukanya uburyo bushobora guteza akaga, ikubahiriza ibisabwa na UK Health Technical Memorandum 64 (HTM64), kandi igatuma abaganga bagenda mu cyerekezo gitekanye kandi gitekanye, aho isuku iba ishyizwe mu gice cy’ingenzi cy’uburyo bwo kujugunya imyanda.

Icyumba cyo mu bwoko bwa Sluice ni iki kandi impamvu imiterere yacyo ari ingenzi?

Icyumba cyo gufunga ni ahantu hihariye ho gufasha mu buvuzi, hakira, hagatunganywa kandi hakabikwa imyanda y’abantu n’ibikoresho byo kwa muganga byanduye. Imiterere y’aho hantu igenzura niba indwara ziterwa n’udukoko ziguma ukwazo cyangwa zigashyirwa mu byumba by’abarwayi bisukuye. Amahitamo mabi yo gutegura, nko gushyira ikiyiko cyo gukarabamo intoki iruhande rw’aho imyanda ijugunywa, bituma ibitonyanga byanduye bihagarara ku buso bugenewe kuguma busukuye.

Imiterere y'icyumba cy'ibikoresho byanduye ikuraho icyemezo cy'umukozi. Icyumba gitera intambwe isanzwe, iva mu gace kanduye cyane ikagera ku isuku y'intoki. Abakozi ntibashobora kurangiza akazi kabo badakurikije uko bikwiye.uburyo ibikoresho byo kwa muganga bihagarika ikwirakwizwa ry'udukokombere yo kugaragaza aho imikino iherereye.

Uburyo bwa HTM64 bwo gutandukanya ibintu bitatu n'ibidasukuye/byanduye

Icyitonderwa cy’inyubako y’ubuzima HBN 00-09 na HTM64 bitegeka ko habaho icyerekezo kimwe. Abakozi binjira bafite ibintu byanduye, bakajugunya imyanda mu cyumba cyo kumenamo imyanda, bagasukura cyangwa bagatera imiti mu bwato butwara imyanda, bakaraba intoki zabo mu gikombe cyabugenewe, hanyuma bagasohoka badasubiye inyuma.

Imikorere ikora mu cyerekezo kimwe:

1. KwinjiraAbakozi binjira bafite ibintu byanduye
2. Agace ka 1 (Inyemezabwishyu n'Itondekanya byanduye): Kubika amasafuriya, amasafuriya y'imyanda, n'amasashi yanduye
3. Agace ka 2 (Guta no Gutunganya Ibicuruzwa): Koresha icyuma gikaraba, macerator, cyangwa imashini yo kumesa imyenda yo mu gitanda
4. Agace ka 3 (Isuku y'amaboko): Karaba intoki mu gikoni cyo gukarabamo intoki
5. Sohoka: Subira inyuma udasubiye inyuma mu nzira

HTM64 itegeka iyi nyubako yo gushyiraho imiterere y'icyumba nk'ihame ryo kuyitunganya. Kugira ngo ibi bigerweho bisaba ahantu hatatu hatandukanye nta hantu hahurira imirimo.

Agace ka 1: Inyemezabwishyu n'uburyo bwo kuyitondekanya byanduye

Shyira aka gace ako kanya imbere y'umuryango winjirira. Abakozi bakeneye ahantu hadahinduka ho gushyira ibitanda byanduye, inkono z'imyanda, n'imifuka yanduye mbere yuko intambwe iyo ari yo yose yo kujugunyamo imyanda itangira.

Garagaza aho ibikoresho byakira ibikoresho bya Grade 304 bifite icyuma gifunganye cya mm 50 ku mpande zose eshatu z'inyuma. Aho ibikoresho byacitse kandi hagaha abakozi uburyo bwo gusunika ibintu badafite aho babikura. Nta bikoresho bisukuye, ibicuruzwa bishobora gukoreshwa, cyangwa inyandiko bigomba kuba kuri ubu buso.

Agace ka 2: Guta no Gutunganya Ibikoresho

Agace ka 2 gafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura. Gafite icyuma gikuru cyo gusohora imyanda y'amazi kiri iruhande rw'icyuma gikuraho imyanda cyangwa imashini yoza imyanda aho amabwiriza abiteganya. Iki gikoresho gikoresha amasafuriya yo mu bwoko bwa pulp, kikagabanya ibyago byo kuyajugunya binyuze mu gukuraho ubusa bukoreshejwe n'intoki.

Shyira icyuma gifunga n'icyuma gifunga amazi mu ntera ya mm 400 uvuye kuri buri kimwe. Inkoni itwaye ikintu gifunguye kandi cyanduye itwikira intera ngufi ishoboka mbere yo kugera aho ijugunywa.

Agace ka 3: Isuku y'intoki mbere yo gusohoka

Shyira aho isuku y'intoki ku mpera y'icyumba, hafi y'umuryango usohoka. Hari akabari ko gukarabamo intoki gaherereye hano, gatandukanye n'aho umuntu afungira kandi hanze ya Zone ya 2. Abakozi bakora isuku y'intoki nk'igikorwa cya nyuma mbere yo gukora ku mukingo w'urugi.

Nta bintu byanduye, ibikoresho byo mu gikoni cyangwa ibikoresho byo gusukura bigomba kwinjira mu gace ka 3. Intera iri hagati ya ako gace ka 2 na ako gace ka 3 ni ingamba zo kurwanya ubwandu ku bushake.

Guhitamo Sinki Ifite Inkingi: Ifite Inkingi Ifite Inkingi Ivanze cyangwa Ifite Inkingi Ifite Inkingi

Udusanduku tw’ubucuruzi dusanzwe tudafite umuvuduko wo gusohora amazi, aho imyanda iva, n’ubujyakuzimu bw’igisanduku nk’uko imyanda ikoreshwa mu buvuzi ikenera. Kugira ngo ubone icyumba cy’ibikoresho byanduye, uhitamo hagati y’agasanduku gato gashyirwa ku rukuta n’agasanduku k’ibitaro gahujwe.

Icyemezo giterwa n'aho icyumba cyawe kiri, imirimo y'abakozi, ndetse niba ukeneye agakoresho ko kwiyuhagiriramo gatandukanye gashyizwe mu cyumba kimwe.

Mbere yo kurangiza igishushanyo mbonera cy'icyumba cyawe cyo kuraramo, reba nezaIngano y'ikigega cy'amazi n'ibipimo ngenderwaho byo gusohora amazi mu mishinga y'ubuvuzi n'ibigo by'ubuvuziguhuza aho imiyoboro y'amazi iherereye n'imiterere y'ubutaka bwawe.

Saba impapuro z'amakuru za tekinikikuri moderi zombi mbere yuko urangiza gushushanya icyumba cyawe. Ushobora guhindura ingano, aho basohokera, n'uburebure bw'ikigega kugira ngo bihuze n'aho amazi asanzwe akorera.

Amategeko ya HTM64 yerekeye ikibaya cyo gukarabamo intoki

Gukaraba intoki mu gikarabiro gikoreshwa mu kujugunya isafuriya mu gikarabiro ni ukunanirwa kurwanya ubwandu. Ibitonyanga bya aerosol biva mu nzira yo kujugunyamo ibimera bizima. Igikarabiro cyagenewe gukarabamo intoki mu gace ka 3 gikuraho iyi ngaruka. HTM64 igaragaza ibipimo bitatu bitavuguruzwa ku gishushanyo mbonera cy'iki gikarabiro:

1. Nta mwobo w'amazi uri mu gisenge.Garagaza robine zishyizwe ku nkuta zishyizwe hejuru y'ikibaya. Robine zishyizwe ku gisenge zikora imirongo itambitse aho amazi ahagaze.Pseudomonas aeruginosaikwirakwira mu miyoboro y'amazi binyuze muri izi ngingo zitose kandi ishobora kwihanganira gahunda zisanzwe zo gusukura hejuru.
2. Nta mwobo uremereye cyane.Igikombe cy'imbere mu gikombe kigomba kuba gifite ubuso bworoshye kandi buhoraho butagira umuyoboro w'amazi menshi. Amazi menshi afunga amazi adafite aho ahuriye n'ubuso bw'icyuma cyangwa icyuma, aho biofilm ihagarara mu masaha 48 gusa kandi ikarwanya imiti yica udukoko ishingiye kuri chlorine iyo ivanzwe neza.
3. Nta pulagi cyangwa umunyururu.Aho imyanda isohoka haguma hafunguye kandi hasohoka amazi menshi. Abakozi ntibashobora kuzuza amazi ahagaze mu gikombe, ibyo bigatuma gukaraba intoki kose biba munsi y'amazi atemba gusa, bigagabanya umuvuduko wa bagiteri wimurirwa ku buso bw'igikombe.

Ibisobanuro bya Kanda ku cyumba cy'ibikoresho byanduye

Robine zose ziri mu cyumba cy’ibikoresho byanduye, harimo n’izikorera aho amazi anyura, zigomba gukora nta gukoranaho n’intoki. Garagaza robine z’ikoranabuhanga zikoresha infrared cyangwa robine z’inkokora zifite uburebure bwa mm 200. Shyira valve yo kuvanga thermostatic ku gipimo cya TMV3, utange amazi hagati ya 38°C na 41°C. Erekana aho amazi asohoka mu mazi anyura hasi ugana ku muyoboro w’amazi. Inzira zisohoka zigana imbere zinyanyagiza ibitonyanga ku buso bw’ikibaya.

Ibikoresho n'ibisabwa mu miterere y'ahantu ho gupima hatose

Uruvange rw'imiti yica udukoko isohora chlorine, imiyoboro y'umuvuduko wa buri munsi, hamwe n'ibintu bikomeye biva mu ndobo zo kogosha n'amakamyo y'ibikoresho byangiza ibikoresho bibi mu myaka ibiri cyangwa itatu.

Ubunini bw'icyuma n'ubunini bw'urupapuro

Icyuma kidafunze cya Grade 304 gikubiyemo byinshi mu bipimo by'ibitaro byo mu Bwongereza. Hindura ujye ku cyuma cya Grade 316 niba itsinda ryawe rishinzwe kurwanya ubwandu rikoresha ibinini bya sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) biri hejuru ya 1,000 ppm ku munsi, cyangwa niba ikigo kiri mu birometero bibiri uvuye ku nkombe. Ubunini bw'urupapuro buri munsi ya mm 1.2 burahinduka munsi y'umutwaro, bugaca imigozi ivanze kandi bugaca ikirango cya silicone kiri hagati y'icyuma kidafunze n'urukuta. Iyo amazi amaze kwinjira inyuma y'icyuma kidafunze, igice cy'urukuta kirangirika kandi ibyago byo kongera gukororwa byiyongera.

Inguni Zipfundikiye n'Irangizwa rya Solder

Inguni zose z'imbere mu masafuriya y'ibigega n'aho bahagarara ku meza zigomba kuba zifite nibura uburebure bwa mm 10. Ahantu hateganye na CSSD n'icyumba cyose cy'ibikoresho bigomba kwemezwa ko bisukuye bisaba ubu buryo: inguni ifite hasi hagari irwanya ibizamini bya gisuku kandi ifata ibisigazwa binyura mu isuzuma ry'amaso ariko ntibigenzurwe na ATP swab. Garagaza imigozi ya heli-arc welded, ground flush kandi irangijwe neza kugeza ku buso bwose bwo hanze.

Gupfuka inkuta no gukuraho hasi

Upfuke ahantu hatose ukoresheje ibyuma bitagira umugozi bya 1.2 mm Grade 304 by'icyuma kitagira umugozi inyuma y'aho slop hopper iherereye, bigere nibura kuri 1.200 mm hejuru y'umuzenguruko. Ibi birinda substrate ya plasterboard kwinjira mu muyoboro w'umwuka. Gushyiramo amatafari asanzwe ya ceramic ntibibigeraho ku miyoboro ya grout.

Shyira ibikoresho byose byo gukata imyanda ku nkuta hamwe n'udukingirizo dukomeye dusiga nibura mm 150 z'aho hasi haherereye. Imashini zo gukaraba hasi zisaba iki cyuho. Aho ibikoresho bikoresha isuku n'intoki, isuku ya mm 100 ni yo ntarengwa. Amaguru cyangwa inkingi zometse hamwe n'aho hasi bitera icyuho cyo gufata umwanda ku buryo umutwe wa mopu utagera.

Igishushanyo mbonera cy'icyumba cyo koga: Amakosa asanzwe yo kugena uko ibintu bimeze

Abubatsi n'amatsinda ashinzwe gutanga amasoko y'imishinga basubiramo amakosa menshi ashoboka ku miterere y'ibyumba byometseho ibyuma.

• Gushyira ikiyiko cyo gukaraba intoki ku rukuta rumwe n'aho hopper ishyirwaAbakozi bakoresha agakoresho ko gukarabaho bakora spray ya aerosol ku nkombe. Igikombe cyo gukarabaho kiri muri mm 600 uvuye ku gakoresho cyakira ibitonyanga byanduye imbere yacyo, bigatuma agace kabigenewe ko gusukura intoki katagerwaho.
• Kugaragaza aho imyanda isohoka ya mm 50Umuyoboro wa mm 50 ntushobora gukuraho ubukana bw'imyanda yo kwa muganga. Garagaza aho imyanda ya mm 100 isohoka ku byuma byose bitobora, bihuye n'ishami ry'ubutaka rya mm 100. Umuyoboro wa mm 100 ukuraho umutego neza ukoresheje litiro 6, nta gisigazwa gisigaye mu gipfundikizo cy'umutego.
• Gukuraho imashini yabugenewe yo guhumeka mu cyumba cy'amaziHTM64 isaba icyumba cy’ibikoresho byanduye gukora ku muvuduko ukabije ugereranije n’inzira yo kwinjiramo. Igipimo cy’umwuka gihinduka inshuro 10 ku isaha kibuza udukoko two mu kirere kwimukira mu duce tw’ibikoresho bisukuye cyangwa mu barwayi binyuze mu myobo iri munsi y’umuryango.
• Kwibagirwa guhuza imiyoboro y'amazi mbere yuko icyuma gitwaraMbere yo gukora, banza wemeze aho imyanda iherereye, aho isohoka (ihagaze cyangwa itambitse), n'uburebure bw'aho isohoka kuva hasi kugera ku isohoka. Guhindura aho isuka ikoreshwa mu gusohora imyanda byongera ikiguzi n'itinda mu mishinga yo kuvugurura aho isakaro ry'ubutaka rihari rihagaze.

Urutonde rw'igenzura ry'itangwa ry'ibikoresho byo mu cyumba cya Sluice

Koresha uru rutonde mu gihe utegura gahunda yawe yo gutanga serivisi z'ikoranabuhanga cyangwa gahunda yo gutanga serivisi z'ipiganwa:

• Igice cy'ibanze cyo gusohora amazi: Garagaza agasanduku k'imyanda gafite uburebure bwa PQ219 gafite uburebure bwa mm 540 × 540) gashyirwa mu byumba byo kuraramo n'ibyumba byita ku bana. Garagaza agasanduku ka KC-12060 gahujwe n'ibyumba by'ingenzi bifite umwanda ukabije kandi bikenera agasanduku gafite imikorere ibiri.
• Igikarabiro cyo gukarabamo intoki cya muganga: Ikurikiza HTM64, nta kuzura kw'amazi, nta mwobo w'amazi yo ku igorofa, imiyoboro y'inkokora cyangwa iy'amasensa iri ku rukuta, valve ya TMV3, aho imyanda isohoka.
• Ibikoresho byo gupfuka inkuta: Ingano ya 304 SS, 1.2 mm, itwikiriye inkuta zose zifite ahantu hatose kugeza kuri 1.200 mm hejuru y'inkombe nini cyane.
• Imiyoboro y'amazi: Aho imyanda isohoka ya mm 100 ku gikoresho cyo kuyijugunyamo imyanda, mm 40 ku gikombe cy'intoki, byombi bihujwe n'amashami y'ubutaka yabugenewe, bitandukanye n'imiyoboro y'amazi y'isuku.
• Uburyo bwo guhumeka mu cyumba: Ifu yagenewe gusohora umwuka mubi, nibura iminota 10 mu isaha, urugi rugufi rw'umuyoboro wo gusiga umwuka mu buryo butangaje.
• Macerator (aho byavuzwe): Shyira muri mm 400 uvuye ku gikoresho cyo gupfunyika kugira ngo ugabanye intera yo kugenda mu gikoresho gifunguye. Emeza ko umuyoboro w'amazi uhuza n'ishami ry'ubutaka ritandukanye rikoresha umwanda kugira ngo hirindwe ko imiyoboro y'ubutaka ifungana.

Ohereza ibishushanyo mbonera by'icyumba cyawe, ibigo by'amazi, na gahunda y'ibikoresho ku itsinda rya tekiniki rya Xinhe kugira ngo barebe ingano y'ibikoresho kandi bemeze CAD binyuze muriUrubuga rwo guhamagara umushinga.