Izinga lokushisa lamanzi esinkini esinegumbi ezintathu: Izidingo zokugeza, ukuhlanza, nokuhlanza
Umhloli wezempilo udonsa i-thermometer ye-probe kusinki yakho yamakamelo amathathu ukuze ahlole into eyodwa kuqala: izinga lokushisa lamanzi. Uphuthelwe uphawu kunoma yiliphi lamakamelo amathathu bese wonke umjikelezo wokuwasha impahla uyahluleka. Lokho kushiya umsebenzi wakho ubhekene nokuncishiswa kwamaphuzu, izinhlawulo, noma ukuvalwa kwesikhashana. Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza amazinga okushisa aqondile okugezwa, ukuhlanza, kanye nokuhlanza adingwa yi-FDA Food Code kanye nemithetho yezempilo yendawo.
Umthetho Wokushisa Ngokushesha
| Igumbi | Inhloso | Izinga Lokushisa Eliphansi | Ukuqinisekiswa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Geza | Susa izinsalela zokudla kanye namafutha | 110°F (43°C) | I-thermometer ye-probe engangeni manzi |
| Hlanza | Hlanza insipho ebusweni | 110°F (43°C) | Ukushintsha amanzi ahlanzekile okuqhubekayo |
| Hlanza, amanzi ashisayo | Bulala amagciwane ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali | 171°F (77°C) | Ukucwiliswa kwemizuzwana engama-30, i-thermometer elinganisiwe |
| Ukuhlanza, amakhemikhali | Bulala amagciwane ngokugxila | 75°F kuya ku-120°F (24°C kuya ku-49°C) | Imichilo yokuhlola ifaniswe nohlobo lwamakhemikhali |
Igumbi Lokugeza: Okuncane kakhulu okungu-110°F
Ikhodi Yokudla ye-FDA ibeka amazinga okushisa angu-110°F (43°C) njengobuncane obusemthethweni besinki sokuqala sesinki esinezindawo ezintathu. Lelo nani liphansi, hhayi ithagethi. Abasebenzi kufanele babambe ibanga lokusebenza elisukela ku-110°F kuya ku-120°F.
Ngaphansi kuka-110°F, amafutha ezilwane ayaqina ezindaweni zokudla. Amafutha ayaqina abe yifilimu engenakususwa ngokuphelele ukuhlafuna, futhi lezo zinsalela zivimba ama-sanitizer amakhemikhali ekufinyeleleni amagciwane endaweni yokugcina. Umphumela uba ukusethwa kokungcola okuphambene: amapuleti abukeka ehlanzekile kodwa athwala amagciwane aphilayo ukuze asebenze.
Ngaphezu kuka-120°F, amaprotheni anjengeqanda nobisi ayahlangana esitsheni, abophe izinto eziqinile phezulu futhi enze kube nzima ukuzisusa. Lawo mazinga okushisa adala nokukhathazeka ngokuphepha kwabasebenzi ngesikhathi sokugeza izitsha ngezandla.
Umgomo osebenzayo uphakathi kuka-112°F no-118°F. Lolo hlu lushisa ngokwanele ukuthi insipho isebenze futhi amafutha ahlale emanzi, kodwa alawuleka ukusetshenziswa ngesandla okuqhubekayo.
Indlela Yokuqapha Izinga Lokushisa Lamanzi Okugeza Ngesikhathi Sesevisi
- Linganisa ama-thermometer masonto onke. Sebenzisa indlela ye-ice-point (32°F / 0°C) ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwe-probe ngaphambi kokulinganisa noma yiziphi izitsha ezishisayo.
- Hlola njalo ngemizuzu engama-60. Sebenzisa i-thermometer ye-digital probe engangeni manzi ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Ukuthinta kuphela akuyona indlela ethembekile yokulinganisa.
- Faka amanzi esikhundleni seziqhumisi ezimbili. Khipha amanzi bese uwagcwalisa kabusha uma izinga lokushisa lehla ngaphansi kuka-110°F, noma uma amanzi ephenduka amafu noma amafutha. Yenza noma yikuphi okubonakala kuqala.
Ukuze uthole imininingwane egcwele ngalokho abahloli abakuhlolayo esiteshini sakho sokudla, bhekaindlela abahloli bezempilo abaqinisekisa ngayo ukuhlanza nokuhlanza amazinga okushisa endaweni.
Igumbi Lokuhlanza: 110°F Amanzi Ahlanzekile
Ingxenye yesibili yesinki enamakamelo amathathu akuyona indawo yesibili yokuwasha. Umsebenzi wayo ukususa amakhemikhali: ukuhlanza izinsalela zensipho ye-alkaline ezitsheni ngaphambi kokuba zingene ebhavini lokuhlanza.
Izinsipho zezitsha zezentengiselwano zi-alkaline. Faka ngisho nefilimu encane yesepha uyiyise engxenyeni yesithathu bese i-pH yesisombululo sakho sokuhlanza inyuka. I-sanitizer ejwayelekile ye-chlorine engu-50 ppm ilahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle uma i-pH ikhuphuka ngaphezu kuka-8.0. Ama-sanitizer asekelwe ku-Quat azwela kakhulu ekuphazamisekeni kwe-pH.
Ukubamba izinga lokushisa elingu-110°F esitsheni sokuhlanza kugcina ama-molecule e-surfactant encibilika futhi ehambahambayo. Amanzi abandayo abangela ama-molecule ensipho ukuba aqine ezindaweni ezibushelelezi, okushiya insalela enamafu iso elingayiboni kodwa ukuhlolwa kwe-ATP swab kuyithola. Abasebenzi kumele bacwilise izitsha ngokuphelele futhi baqinisekise ukuthi akukho mabhamuza ensipho asele ngaphambi kokuhambisa izinto esiteshini sokuhlanza.
Shintsha amanzi okuhlanza njalo emahoreni amabili, noma ngokushesha uma isitsha sibonisa ukufiphala noma igwebu. Ukuze uthole incazelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yeukulandelana okugcwele kokuwasha impahla kusukela ekukhuhleni kuya ekomiseni umoya, bheka umhlahlandlela wephrothokholi ehambisanayo.
Igumbi Lokuhlanza: Amanzi Ashisayo vs. Amakhemikhali
Isitsha sesithathu sesinki sakho esinezingxenye ezintathu yisinyathelo sokugcina sokubulala. Kunezindlela ezimbili zomthetho ngaphansi kwe-FDA Food Code, futhi izidingo zazo zokushisa zihlukile ngokuphelele.
| Ipharamitha | Ukuhlanza Amanzi Ashisayo | Isihlanzi Samakhemikhali |
|---|---|---|
| Ireferensi yeKhodi Yokudla ye-FDA | § 4-703.11(C) | § 4-501.114 |
| Izinga lokushisa eliphansi | 171°F (77°C) | 75°F kuya ku-120°F (24°C kuya ku-49°C) |
| Isikhathi sokuxhumana | Ubuncane bemizuzwana engama-30 | Imizuzwana engu-7 kuya kwengu-30 kuye ngokuthi ikhemikhali |
| Ithuluzi lokuqinisekisa | I-thermometer yeprobe elinganisiwe | Imichilo yokuhlola ifaniswe nohlobo lwamakhemikhali |
| Isidingo semishini | Isifudumezi se-Booster noma isishisi esingaphansi kwesinki | Akukho mishini ekhethekile edingekayo |
| Ingozi uma ingacacisiwe | Amagciwane ayasinda; ukuhlolwa kwehlulekile | I-ppm ebuthakathaka ilingana nesilinganiso sokubulala esinganele |
Ukuhlanza Ama-degree angu-171: Uma Amanzi Ashisayo Enengqondo
Amanzi ashisayo ahlanza izitsha ku-171°F (77°C) adinga ukuthi izitsha zihlale zicwiliswe ngokuphelele okungenani imizuzwana engama-30. Ukushisa kungena emifantwini engaphezulu ngaphandle kokushiya amabala amakhemikhali noma iphunga, okuyinzuzo yangempela emisebenzini ekhonza abantu abasengozini njengabahlala emakhaya okunakekelwa, iziguli zasezibhedlela, noma izingane ezincane.
Inkinga iwumshini. Ama-heater amanzi ajwayelekile athengiswayo ahlinzeka ngamanzi kusuka ku-120°F kuya ku-140°F. Ukufinyelela nokugcina ama-heater angu-171°F esitsheni sensimbi engagqwali esivulekile kudinga i-booster heater noma i-gas burner eqondile ngaphansi kwegumbi. Abasebenzi badinga amabhasikidi ensimbi ukuze behlise futhi bathathe izitsha ngokuphephile, futhi ukushisa okuphezulu okuvamile kwandisa ukukhathala phakathi nezikhathi zesevisi ende. Emisebenzini emikhulu ngemishini efanele, le ndlela ithembekile. Emakhishini amancane, izindleko zengqalasizinda zivame ukusunduza isinqumo sokuhlanza amakhemikhali.
I-Chemical Sanitizer: Ukuthola i-ppm Efanele
Ukuhlanza ngamakhemikhali kuyindlela evame kakhulu emakhishini okuhweba ngoba akudingi ingqalasizinda yamanzi ashisayo kakhulu. Isitsha sesithathu siphakathi kuka-75°F kuya ku-120°F, futhi izinga lokubulala lincike ekugxilweni kwamakhemikhali kunokushisa.
Abasebenzi kumele bahlole amazinga e-chlorine ppm kanye nezinye izihlanzi-magciwane ngemigqa yokuhlola efanele lapho kushintshana ishifti ngayinye. Izinketho ezintathu zamakhemikhali ezivunyiwe ngaphansi kweKhodi Yokudla ye-FDA yilezi:
- I-chlorine bleach: Gcina i-chlorine engu-50 kuya ku-100 ppm. Isikhathi esincane sokuxhumana yimizuzwana engu-7 ku-50 ppm, noma imizuzwana eyi-10 ku-50 kuya ku-100 ppm. Iyasebenza futhi ayibizi, kodwa iyagqwala ezindaweni ezithile zensimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- I-ammonium ye-Quaternary (i-Quat): Gcina ama-200 kuya ku-400 ppm. Isikhathi esincane sokuxhumana yimizuzwana engama-30. Ayiboli insimbi engagqwali, ayinaphunga, futhi ifanele izindawo ezizothinta ukudla.
- Isixazululo se-iodine: Gcina i-12.5 kuya ku-25 ppm. Isikhathi esincane sokuxhumana yimizuzwana engama-30. Ithambile ezandleni kodwa ingashintsha umbala wepulasitiki enombala okhanyayo.
Amaphutha amabili okuhlushwa ayinkinga efanayo. Isixazululo esingaphansi kwe-ppm encane asifinyeleli izinga lokubulala elidingwa yikhodi yezempilo. Isixazululo esingaphezu kwe-ppm ephezulu sishiya izinsalela zamakhemikhali emapuletini angangcolisa ukudla futhi abangele ukugula, umphumela oqondile isinyathelo sokuhlanza esikhona ukuze siwuvimbele.
Izinguquko Zekhodi Yesifundazwe Neyendawo
Ikhodi Yokudla ye-FDA isebenza njengendinganiso eyisibonelo. Iminyango yezempilo kahulumeni neyendawo iyayamukela futhi iyilungise ngokuzimela, okusho ukuthi amasinki amathathu amakamelo ezindaweni ezahlukene asebenza ngaphansi kwemithetho ehlukene ephoqelelwayo.
Iminyango eminingana yezempilo yesifunda eCalifornia naseTexas ibeke izinga lokushisa eliphansi lokugeza elingu-120°F kunezinga eliyisisekelo likahulumeni elingu-110°F. Amanye amakhodi endawo adinga ukuthi opharetha babhale irekhodi lokushisa elibhaliwe eceleni kwezinki zabo. Abanye bayala ukuthi imichilo yokuhlola yamakhemikhali evela kushifti yamanje ihlale ekhawunteni ngesikhathi samahora okuhlola.
Igebe phakathi kwekhodi yemodeli kahulumeni kanye nokuphoqelelwa kwendawo kudala ingozi yangempela yokuthobela imithetho kubasebenzi abathembele esiqondisweni sikahulumeni kuphela. Ngaphambi kokuvuselelwa kwemvume yakho elandelayo noma ukuhlolwa okungamenyezelwanga, qinisekisa izidingo ezithile zokugeza, ukuhlanza, kanye nokuhlanza izinga lokushisa eziphoqelelwa yisikhulu sakho sezempilo sendawo. Xhumana nomnyango wezempilo wesifunda sakho ngqo bese ucela ishejuli yabo yamanje yokushisa impahla.
Ukugcina Izinga Lokushisa Ngesikhathi Sokushintsha
Ukuhlolwa kwezinga lokushisa lokuvula akwanele. Amanzi asezitsheni ezivulekile alahlekelwa ukushisa njalo, ikakhulukazi lapho izitsha ezipholile, amabhodwe, nezitsha zicwiliswa ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ingxenye yesithathu efunda ngo-171°F ngo-10 ekuseni ingase ihlale ku-155°F ngo-12:30 ntambama ngaphandle kokuthi othile aqaphele.
Uhlelo Olujwayelekile Lokushintsha Amanzi
Shintsha zonke izingxenye ezintathu ngesheduli ehleliwe njalo emahoreni amabili kuya kwamane, noma ngokushesha uma:
- Amanzi okugeza aphenduka abe namafu, abe namafutha, noma ashintshe umbala.
- Amanzi okuhlanza abonisa igwebu noma ifilimu enensipho ebusweni.
- I-thermometer ye-probe ifunda ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kunoma yisiphi isitsha.
- Imichilo yokuhlola ikhombisa ukuthi izinga le-sanitizer lehle ngaphansi kwe-code-minimum ppm.
Isifanekiso Selogi Yokushisa (Ireferensi Esheshayo)
Beka lolu godo ngaphezu kwesinki yakho enamakamelo amathathu. Abaphathi bekhishi kumele basayine lapho bengena eshiftini ngaphambi kokuba kuqale inkonzo.
| Usuku | I-Shift | Geza °F | Hlanza °F | Hlanza °F | I-Sanitizer ppm | Ama-initials abasebenzi |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| — | AM | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | I-MID | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | PM | — | — | — | — | — |
Abahloli bezempilo bacela le rekhodi njalo. Izikhala ezirekhodini, ikakhulukazi mayelana nokushintsha kwamashifu noma izikhathi zokudla eziningi, zidonsela ukuhlolisiswa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Irekhodi eliphelele nelingaphazamiseki libonisa ukuphathwa kokusebenza okusebenzayo, hhayi ukuthobela imithetho.
Imishini Egcina Ukushisa
Izinga kanye nesilinganiso sesinki yakho kuthinta ngqo ukuthi amazinga okushisa amanzi ehla ngokushesha kangakanani phakathi kwemithwalo yezitsha. Isinki yengxenye yensimbi engagqwali eyakhiwe ngensimbi engagqwali engu-16-gauge (1.5 mm) noma esindayo ye-Grade 304 igcina ukushisa isikhathi eside kuneyunithi ye-20-gauge enezindonga ezincane. Izitsha ezijulile ezinezindonga eziqondile eziphakeme zinciphisa indawo engaphezulu evezwe emoyeni wekhishi ozungezile, okunciphisa ukulahleka kokushisa.
Uma ucacisa imishini, nikeza indawo ngayinye ukujula okungenani okungamasentimitha angu-14 kanye nomthamo wangaphakathi wesitsha ofanelana nenani lakho lokumboza eliphakeme. Izitsha ezingajulile ziphoqa abasebenzi ukuthi bacwilise izimbiza ezinkulu nge-engela, okuvimbela isikhathi sokucwilisa ngokugcwele futhi kuvimbela isinyathelo sokuhlanza. Uhla lwethu lweamasinki egumbi lokuhwebakufaka phakathi ukucushwa okujulile okwenziwe ngokwezifiso okulingana nokuhlelwa kwamapayipi ekhishini lezentengiselwano kanye nezidingo zekhodi yendawo.
Beka ishadi lokushisa ngaphezu kwesinki yakho, gcwalisa irekhodi njalo ngeshifti, bese uqinisekisa i-sanitizer ppm ngemigqa yokuhlola ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngasinye sesevisi. Ukuze uthole amasinki e-stainless steel compartment asayizi ojwayelekile, anesilinganiso esindayo afanelana nezidingo zamanzi kanye nomthamo wekhishi lakho, thumela imidwebo yakho yesakhiwo ngokusebenzisa i-Oxhumana naye we-Xinhe.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Kufanele kube izinga lokushisa elingakanani isinki enamakamelo amathathu?
Isitsha sokugeza sesinki esinezingxenye ezintathu sidinga amanzi ku-110°F noma ngaphezulu, kanti isitsha sokugeza sidinga no-110°F noma ngaphezulu. Isitsha sokugeza sidinga u-171°F (77°C) ukuze kuhlanzwe ngamanzi ashisayo ngokucwiliswa kwemizuzwana engama-30, noma u-75°F kuya ku-120°F (24°C kuya ku-49°C) ukuze kuhlanzwe ngamakhemikhali ku-ppm concentration efanele.
Amanzi okuhlanza kufanele ashise kangakanani?
Ukuze kuhlanzwe ngamanzi ashisayo, amanzi kumele afinyelele okungenani ku-171°F (77°C) futhi izitsha kumele zihlale zicwiliswe emanzini imizuzwana engama-30 egcwele. Ukuze kuhlanzwe ngamakhemikhali, izinga lokushisa lamanzi lingaphansi kwesilinganiso samakhemikhali. Gcina amanzi ephakathi kuka-75°F no-120°F, bese usebenzisa imichilo yokuhlola lapho kushintshwa ukushintshana ngakunye ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-sanitizer ppm iwela ngaphakathi kobubanzi obusemthethweni bekhemikhali yakho ethile.
