Kutentha kwa Madzi a Sinki Yokhala ndi Zipinda Zitatu: Zofunikira pa Kutsuka, Kutsuka, ndi Kuyeretsa
Woyang'anira zaumoyo amakoka thermometer yoyesera pa sinki yanu ya zipinda zitatu kuti aone chinthu chimodzi choyamba: kutentha kwa madzi. Mukaphonya chizindikiro chilichonse mwa zipinda zitatuzo, nthawi yonse yotsuka zinthu m'nyumba imalephera. Zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti ntchito yanu iwonongeke, kulipidwa chindapusa, kapena kutsekedwa kwakanthawi. Bukuli limafotokoza za kutentha koyenera kotsuka, kutsuka, ndi kuyeretsa komwe FDA Food Code ndi malamulo azaumoyo am'deralo amafuna.
Lamulo la Kutentha Mwachidule
| Chipinda | Cholinga | Kutentha Kochepa | Kutsimikizira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sambitsani | Chotsani zotsalira za chakudya ndi mafuta | 110°F (43°C) | Chiwotche cha thermometer chosalowa madzi |
| Sambitsani | Tsukani sopo wotsukira pamwamba | 110°F (43°C) | Kusintha madzi oyera mosalekeza |
| Sambani, madzi otentha | Iphani tizilombo toyambitsa matenda popanda mankhwala | 171°F (77°C) | Kumiza m'madzi kwa masekondi 30, thermometer yoyezera bwino |
| Sanitize, mankhwala | Iphani tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pogwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zili m'thupi | 75°F mpaka 120°F (24°C mpaka 49°C) | Zingwe zoyesera zikugwirizana ndi mtundu wa mankhwala |
Chipinda Chotsukira: 110°F Osachepera
FDA Food Code imaika 110°F (43°C) ngati mlingo wocheperako wovomerezeka wa beseni loyamba la sinki yokhala ndi zipinda zitatu. Nambala imeneyo ndi pansi, osati cholinga. Ogwira ntchito ayenera kukhala ndi malo ogwirira ntchito kuyambira 110°F mpaka 120°F.
Pansi pa 110°F, mafuta a nyama amauma pamwamba pa mbale. Mafuta amauma kukhala filimu yomwe kutsuka sikungachotsedwe kwathunthu, ndipo zotsalirazo zimaletsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo kuti asafike ku mabakiteriya omwe ali m'chipinda chomaliza. Zotsatira zake zimakhala zodetsa: mbale zomwe zimawoneka zoyera koma zimanyamula tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amoyo.
Kupitirira madigiri 120 Fahrenheit, mapuloteni monga dzira ndi mkaka amalumikizana pa mbale, kulumikiza zinthu zolimba pamwamba pake ndikuzipangitsa kukhala zovuta kuzichotsa. Kutentha kumeneko kumapangitsanso nkhawa za chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito akamatsuka mbale ndi manja.
Cholinga chenicheni ndi 112°F mpaka 118°F. Mtundu umenewo ndi wotentha mokwanira kuti sopo azigwira ntchito ndipo mafuta azikhalabe oundana, koma amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi manja nthawi zonse.
Momwe Mungayang'anire Kutentha kwa Madzi Otsuka Panthawi Yogwira Ntchito
- Linganizani ma thermometers sabata iliyonse. Gwiritsani ntchito njira ya ice-point (32°F / 0°C) kuti mutsimikizire kulondola kwa kafukufuku musanayese mabeseni otentha.
- Yang'anani mphindi 60 zilizonse. Gwiritsani ntchito thermometer yosalowa madzi ya digito mukamagwira ntchito. Kukhudza kokha si njira yodalirika yoyezera.
- Bwezerani madzi pa zinthu ziwiri zoyatsira madzi. Tsukani madzi ndi kudzazanso madzi kutentha kukatsika pansi pa 110°F, kapena madzi akayamba kuoneka ngati mitambo kapena mafuta. Chitanipo kanthu pa chilichonse chomwe chikuwoneka poyamba.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri za zomwe oyang'anira amafufuza pamalo anu ophikira mbale, onanimomwe oyang'anira zaumoyo amatsimikizira kutentha ndi kuyeretsa pamalopo.
Chipinda Chotsukira: 110°F Madzi Oyera
Chipinda chachiwiri cha sinki yokhala ndi zipinda zitatu si chotsukira chachiwiri. Ntchito yake ndi kuchotsa mankhwala: kutsuka zotsalira za sopo wa alkaline m'mbale zisanalowe m'bafa yotsukira.
Sopo wogulitsira mbale ndi wamchere. Tengani sopo kakang'ono mu chipinda chachitatu ndipo pH ya yankho lanu loyeretsera imakwera. Chotsukira cha chlorine cha 50 ppm chimataya mphamvu pH ikapitirira 8.0. Chotsukira cha quat-based chimakhala chovuta kwambiri kusokoneza pH.
Kusunga kutentha kwa 110°F m'beseni yotsukira kumasunga mamolekyu a surfactant kuti asungunuke komanso azitha kuyenda. Madzi ozizira amachititsa kuti mamolekyu a sopo aziuma pamalo osalala, zomwe zimasiya zotsalira za mitambo zomwe maso sangathe kuziona koma mayeso a ATP swab apeza. Ogwira ntchito ayenera kumiza mbale zonse ndikutsimikizira kuti palibe thovu la sopo lomwe latsala asanasamutse zinthuzo kupita ku malo oyeretsera.
Sinthani madzi otsukira maola awiri aliwonse, kapena mofulumira ngati beseni likuwonetsa mitambo kapena thovu. Kuti mudziwe zambiri zandondomeko yonse yotsuka m'nyumba kuyambira pakukanda mpaka kuumitsa mpweya, onani buku lotsogolera la protocol.
Chipinda Chotsukira Madzi: Madzi Otentha vs. Mankhwala
Beseni lachitatu la sinki yanu yokhala ndi zipinda zitatu ndilo gawo lomaliza lophera. Pali njira ziwiri zovomerezeka motsatira FDA Food Code, ndipo zofunikira pa kutentha kwawo zimasiyana kwathunthu.
| Chizindikiro | Kuyeretsa Madzi Otentha | Chotsukira Mankhwala |
|---|---|---|
| Buku la FDA Food Code | § 4-703.11(C) | § 4-501.114 |
| Kutentha kochepa | 171°F (77°C) | 75°F mpaka 120°F (24°C mpaka 49°C) |
| Nthawi yolumikizirana | Masekondi osachepera 30 | Masekondi 7 mpaka 30 kutengera mankhwala |
| Chida chotsimikizira | Thermometer yoyezera bwino | Zingwe zoyesera zikugwirizana ndi mtundu wa mankhwala |
| Zofunikira pa zida | Chotenthetsera chowonjezera kapena chotenthetsera pansi pa sinki | Palibe zida zapadera zofunika |
| Ngozi ngati sizikudziwika bwino | Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timapulumuka; kuwunika kosagwira ntchito | Kufooka kwa ppm kumafanana ndi kuchuluka kosakwanira kwa kupha |
Kuyeretsa Madigiri 171: Pamene Madzi Otentha Amveka Bwino
Madzi otentha oyeretsera pa 171°F (77°C) amafuna kuti mbale zikhale zoviikidwa m'madzi kwa masekondi osachepera 30. Kutentha kumalowa m'ming'alu ya pamwamba popanda kusiya zotsalira za mankhwala kapena fungo, zomwe ndi zabwino kwambiri pantchito zotumikira anthu ofooka monga okhala m'nyumba zosamalira odwala, odwala m'zipatala, kapena ana aang'ono.
Vuto lake ndi la makina. Ma heater amadzi wamba ogulitsa amapereka madzi pa kutentha kwa 120°F mpaka 140°F. Kufikira ndi kusunga kutentha kwa 171°F m'beseni lotseguka lachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kumafuna chotenthetsera chowonjezera kapena choyatsira mpweya chachindunji pansi pa chipindacho. Ogwira ntchito amafunika mabasiketi a waya kuti achepetse ndikuchotsa mbale mosamala, ndipo kutentha kwakukulu kumawonjezera kutopa panthawi yayitali yogwira ntchito. Pa ntchito zazikulu ndi zida zoyenera, njira imeneyi ndi yodalirika. Pa makhitchini ang'onoang'ono, mtengo wa zomangamanga nthawi zambiri umapangitsa chisankho chokhudza kuyeretsa mankhwala.
Mankhwala Otsukira Mano: Kupeza ppm Yoyenera
Kuyeretsa ndi mankhwala ndi njira yofala kwambiri m'makhitchini amalonda chifukwa sikufuna madzi otentha kwambiri. Beseni lachitatu lili pa 75°F mpaka 120°F, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kuphedwa kumadalira kuchuluka kwa mankhwala osati kutentha.
Ogwira ntchito ayenera kuyesa kuchuluka kwa chlorine ppm ndi mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pogwiritsa ntchito mizere yoyesera yoyenera nthawi iliyonse yosintha. Njira zitatu zovomerezeka za mankhwala pansi pa FDA Food Code ndi izi:
- Cholerini choyeretsera: Sungani chlorine wa 50 mpaka 100 ppm. Nthawi yochepa yokhudza ndi masekondi 7 pa 50 ppm, kapena masekondi 10 pa 50 mpaka 100 ppm. Yogwira ntchito bwino komanso yotsika mtengo, koma imawononga zinthu zina zachitsulo pakapita nthawi.
- Quaternary ammonium (Quat): Sungani kutentha kwa 200 mpaka 400 ppm. Nthawi yochepa yokhudza ndi masekondi 30. Sichiwononga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, sichinunkha, ndipo chimayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo omwe angakhudze chakudya.
- Yankho la ayodini: Sungani kutentha kwa 12.5 mpaka 25 ppm. Nthawi yochepa yokhudza ndi masekondi 30. Yofewa m'manja koma imatha kusintha mtundu wa pulasitiki wowala.
Zolakwika ziwiri zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi ndizovuta mofanana. Yankho lochepera ppm locheperako silifika pamlingo wofunikira wa thanzi. Yankho loposa ppm lokwanira kwambiri limasiya zotsalira za mankhwala pa mbale zomwe zingaipitse chakudya ndikuyambitsa matenda, zomwe ndi zotsatira zenizeni zomwe sitepe yoyeretsera imafuna kuti ipewe.
Kusintha kwa Ma Code a Boma ndi Akomweko
Malamulo a Chakudya a FDA amagwira ntchito ngati muyezo wotsatira. Madipatimenti azaumoyo aboma ndi am'deralo amavomereza ndikusintha modziyimira pawokha, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti masinki atatu m'magawo osiyanasiyana amagwira ntchito motsatira malamulo osiyanasiyana ofunikira.
Madipatimenti angapo azaumoyo m'boma ku California ndi Texas amaika kutentha kocheperako kwa kusamba kwa 120°F m'malo mwa kutentha kwa boma kwa 110°F. Ma code ena am'deralo amafuna kuti ogwira ntchito azilemba zolemba za kutentha pafupi ndi masinki awo. Ena amalamula kuti mizere yoyesera mankhwala kuchokera ku shift yomwe ilipo ikhale pa kauntala nthawi yowunikira.
Kusiyana pakati pa malamulo a boma ndi malamulo akumaloko kumabweretsa chiopsezo chenicheni kwa ogwira ntchito omwe amadalira malangizo a boma okha. Musanabwerezenso chilolezo chanu chotsatira kapena kuwunika kosayembekezereka, tsimikizirani zofunikira zenizeni za kutsuka, kutsuka, ndi kuyeretsa kutentha zomwe mkulu wanu wazaumoyo wazachilengedwe akutsata. Lumikizanani mwachindunji ndi dipatimenti yazaumoyo m'boma lanu ndikufunsani za nthawi yawo yogwiritsira ntchito kutentha kwa m'nyumba.
Kusunga Kutentha Panthawi Yosintha
Kuyesa kutentha kotseguka sikokwanira. Madzi omwe ali m'mabeseni otseguka amataya kutentha nthawi zonse, makamaka pamene mbale zoziziritsira, miphika, ndi ziwiya zimamizidwa mobwerezabwereza. Chipinda chachitatu chomwe chimafika 171°F nthawi ya 10 koloko m'mawa chikhoza kukhala 155°F pofika 12:30 pm popanda aliyense kuzindikira.
Ndondomeko Yoyenera Yosinthira Madzi
Sinthani magawo onse atatu pa nthawi yokhazikika maola awiri kapena anayi aliwonse, kapena nthawi yomweyo ngati:
- Madzi ochapirawo amaoneka ngati mitambo, mafuta, kapena amasintha mtundu.
- Madzi otsukira amaonetsa thovu kapena filimu ya sopo pamwamba pake.
- Thermometer ya probe imawerengera kutentha kocheperako m'beseni lililonse.
- Zidutswa zoyesera zikuwonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa sanitizer kwatsika pansi pa code-minimum ppm.
Chidule cha Log ya Kutentha (Chidule Chachangu)
Ikani chipika ichi pamwamba pa sinki yanu yokhala ndi zipinda zitatu. Oyang'anira khitchini ayenera kusaina nthawi iliyonse yolowera mu shift utumiki usanayambe.
| Tsiku | Kusintha | Sambani °F | Tsukani °F | Sambani °F | Sanitizer ppm | Malembo Oyamba a Antchito |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| — | AM | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | MID | — | — | — | — | — |
| — | PM | — | — | — | — | — |
Oyang'anira zaumoyo amapempha izi nthawi zonse. Zosowa zomwe zili m'mbiri, makamaka zokhudza kusintha kwa ma shift kapena nthawi yodya kwambiri, zimafuna kufufuzidwa nthawi yowunikira. Nkhani yonse yosasweka imasonyeza kayendetsedwe ka ntchito, osati kutsatira malamulo.
Zipangizo Zosungira Kutentha
Kuchuluka kwa sinki yanu ndi kuchuluka kwa sinki yanu zimakhudza mwachindunji momwe kutentha kwa madzi kumatsikira mofulumira pakati pa mbale zomwe zili ndi mbale. Sinki yosapanga dzimbiri yopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 16-gauge (1.5 mm) kapena cholemera kwambiri cha chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 304 imasunga kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali kuposa mayunitsi opyapyala a 20-gauge. Mabeseni akuya okhala ndi makoma oimirira atali kwambiri amachepetsa malo omwe ali ndi mpweya wozungulira kukhitchini, zomwe zimachepetsa kutaya kutentha.
Mukasankha zida, patsani chipinda chilichonse kuya kwa mainchesi 14 ndi kuchuluka kwa beseni komwe kukugwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa chivundikiro chanu. Mabeseni osaya amakakamiza ogwira ntchito kumiza miphika yayikulu pangodya, zomwe zimalepheretsa nthawi yonse yolowa m'madzi ndikuletsa njira yoyeretsera.masinki a zipinda zamalondaimaphatikizapo makonzedwe apadera a kukula kofanana ndi mapangidwe a mapaipi a khitchini yamalonda komanso zofunikira za code yakomweko.
Ikani tchati cha kutentha pamwamba pa sinki yanu, lembani zolemba nthawi iliyonse yosinthira, ndikutsimikizirani sanitizer ppm ndi mizere yoyesera musanayambe nthawi iliyonse yogwirira ntchito. Kuti mupeze masinki osapanga dzimbiri okhala ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, olemera komanso ofanana ndi zomwe zimafunika pa mapaipi ndi kuchuluka kwa khitchini yanu, tumizani zojambula zanu kudzera muKulumikizana kwa Xinhe.
FAQ
Kodi sinki yokhala ndi zipinda zitatu iyenera kukhala yotentha bwanji?
Beseni losambira la sinki yokhala ndi zipinda zitatu limafuna madzi pa kutentha kwa 110°F (43°C), ndipo beseni losambira limafunikanso kutentha kwa 110°F kapena kupitirira apo. Beseni losambira limafuna kutentha kwa 171°F (77°C) kuti liziyeretsedwe ndi madzi otentha ndi kuviika kwa masekondi 30, kapena kutentha kwa 75°F mpaka 120°F (24°C mpaka 49°C) kuti liziyeretsedwe ndi mankhwala pamlingo woyenera wa ppm.
Kodi madzi oyeretsera ayenera kukhala otentha bwanji?
Pakuyeretsa madzi otentha, madzi ayenera kufika pa 171°F (77°C) ndipo mbale ziyenera kukhala pansi pa madzi kwa masekondi 30 athunthu. Pakuyeretsa mankhwala, kutentha kwa madzi kumakhala pansi pa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala. Sungani madzi pakati pa 75°F ndi 120°F, kenako gwiritsani ntchito mizere yoyesera nthawi iliyonse yosinthira kuti mutsimikizire kuti sanitizer ppm ili mkati mwa mulingo wovomerezeka wa mankhwala anu.
