Zofunikira za NSF & Code za Sinki Yopanda Chitsulo Chosapanga Chitsulo cha Mop pa Zipinda Zosungiramo Zinthu
Oyang'anira zaumoyo amalowa m'makabati osungiramo madzi amalonda msanga, ndipo chosungiramo madzi chomwe sichinakonzedwe bwino kapena chosagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino chimalepheretsa kukonzedwa, kulephera kuwunika, kapena kukakamiza kukonzanso madzi okwera mtengo. Kutaya madzi molakwika komanso zida zobwezerera madzi zomwe sizikupezeka zimapangitsa kuti madzi a m'matauni asamawonongeke mwachindunji.
Bukuli likufotokoza za mabungwe atatu a malamulo omwe amalamulira sinki yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ku United States, miyezo ya zinthu za NSF/ANSI yomwe imasankha ngati chogwirira chanu chikuyenerera, ndi malamulo okhazikitsa omwe plumber wanu ayenera kutsatira asanayang'anitsidwe komaliza.
Kuti muwone momwe zinthuzi zimagwirizanirana ndi malo oyeretsera zinthu m'chipinda chanu, werengani mwachidule zaKodi sinki yogwirira ntchito ndi chiyani komanso momwe imagwirira ntchitomusanayang'anenso zofunikira za khodi pansipa.
1. Mabungwe Atatu a Malamulo Omwe Amalamulira Masinki a Malonda a Mopu
Mabungwe atatu olamulira amalamulira kukhazikitsa masinki a ntchito zamalonda. Malo anu ayenera kukwaniritsa zonse zitatu nthawi imodzi.
| Khodi / Standard | Bungwe Lolamulira | Zimene Zimalamulira |
|---|---|---|
| Khodi ya Chakudya ya FDA § 5-203.13 | Unduna wa Zakudya ndi Mankhwala ku US | Imafuna sinki imodzi kapena malo oyeretsera otsekedwa m'malo ogulitsira chakudya; imaletsa kutaya zinyalala za mop m'malo okonzera chakudya kapena m'manja |
| UPC § 418.0 / IPC § 410.0 | IAPMO / ICC | Amalamulira kukula kwa mapaipi otayira madzi, zofunikira pa msampha, kupewa kubwerera kwa madzi, ndi kukula kwa malo otayira zinyalala |
| Muyezo wa NSF/ANSI 2 | NSF International | Imakhazikitsa kapangidwe ka zinthu, kutsirizika kwa pamwamba, ndi miyezo yomangira misoko ya zida zogulira chakudya |
Mawu Ovomerezeka: "Sinki Yotumikira" ndi Chifukwa Chake "Sinki Yopopera" Inakhazikika
Malamulo a mapaipi ndi chakudya amatchula chipangizochi kutisinki yoperekera chithandizo: beseni lokhazikika lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kokha podzaza ndi kutulutsa zida zotsukira komanso kutaya madzi otayira. Pamalo ogwirira ntchito komanso m'makatalogu azinthu, chinthu chomwecho nthawi zambiri chimatchedwasinki yopukutiraDzina limenelo linachokera ku ntchito yaikulu ya chipangizocho, kudzaza ndi kutsuka mabaketi a mopu, ndipo tsopano ndi mawu omwe ogulitsa, ma plumber, ndi ogula amagwiritsa ntchito pofufuza ndi kutchula zidazo. Mawu onse awiriwa amatanthauza chinthu chomwecho. “Sinki yoperekera chithandizo” imapezeka m'malamulo; “sinki yopopera” imayang'anira momwe mumagulira ndikuyiyika.
Khodi ya Chakudya ya FDA § 5-203.13Amafuna kuti malo ogulitsira zakudya azipereka sinki imodzi yokha yoperekera chithandizo. Antchito omwe amatsuka ma mops kapena kutsuka nsalu mu sinki yotsukira mbale yokhala ndi zipinda zitatu kapena sinki yokonzekera chakudya amachita kuphwanya malamulo akuluakulu, zomwe oyang'anira amanena kuti ziyenera kukonzedwa nthawi yomweyo.
2. NSF/ANSI Standard 2: Malamulo a Zipangizo ndi Kapangidwe
NSF/ANSI Standard 2 (Food Equipment) imalongosola miyezo yocheperako ya zipangizo ndi zopangira zida zilizonse zomwe zili m'dera la malo ogulitsira zakudya. Sinki yopopera yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri yomwe ili ndi chizindikiro cha NSF iyenera kukwaniritsa gawo lililonse pansipa.
Chifukwa chiyani mtundu wa 304 wosapanga dzimbiri ndi maziko ake?
NSF/ANSI Standard 2 imafuna kuti malo omwe ali m'malo otsetsereka azikhala osalala, opanda mabowo, komanso osapsa ndi dzimbiri. Chitsulo chopakidwa utoto, zinc yolumikizidwa, ndi zitsulo zopyapyala zonse sizikugwirizana ndi izi.
- Aloyi:TchulaniMtundu wa 304 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri(18% chromium, 8% nickel osachepera). Kapangidwe kameneka kamalimbana ndi zotsukira za alkaline ndi zotsukira zochokera ku chlorine pamlingo wokhazikika.
- Muyeso:Tchulani16-gauge (1.5 mm) or 14-gauge (2.0 mm)Chilichonse chopyapyala chimapindika pansi pa beseni lodzaza, ndikutsegula ming'alu yaying'ono pamipata yolumikizira pomwe zotsalira za organic zimasonkhana. Sinki yosapanga dzimbiri yopopera pa sinki ya 16-gauge imanyalanyaza mphamvu ya tsiku ndi tsiku ya zidebe zolemera.
Zofunikira pa Ntchito Yomanga
- Makona okhala ndi denga:NSF/ANSI Standard 2 imaletsa malo olumikizirana amkati okhala ndi mipata yakuthwa ya madigiri 90. Makona onse mkati mwa beseni ayenera kukhala ndi utali wozungulira waR10 mm mpaka R15 mmIzi zimachotsa misampha ya zinyalala yomwe imalepheretsa ukhondo wabwino.
- Zosefera zopitira patsogolo:Malo onse olumikizira zitsulo ayenera kupukutidwa bwino kuti agwirizane ndi malo ozungulira. Sikelo yolumikizira zitsulo, mabowo owoneka bwino, kapena mizere yosakwanira yolumikizira zitsulo imalephera kuwunika ukhondo.
- Pansi pa beseni lotsetsereka:Pansi pa beseni payenera kutsetsereka mofanana kupita ku malo otulutsira madzi. Madzi oima mkati mwa beseni akusonyeza kuti malo otsetsereka sali okwanira ndipo amachititsa kuti pakhale kusowa kwa ukhondo.
3. Kupewa Kubwerera kwa Madzi: Ma Code Ochotsera Vacuum
Kupewa kubwerera kwa madzi m'nyumba kumafufuzidwa kwambiri ndi oyang'anira mapaipi pa malo osungiramo masinki a mopu. Mapaipi a m'chipinda chosungiramo madzi nthawi zambiri amamangiriridwa ku makina otulutsira mankhwala kapena amakhala m'madzi odetsedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi a m'nyumbamo asagwirizane ndi madzi akumwa. Pa sinki ya mopu yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chiopsezochi chimayang'ana kwambiri pa payipi.
Zotsukira Mpweya Zotayira Mpweya (AVB)
UPC § 603.5.7ndiIPC § 608.15.4Zonsezi zimafuna choletsa kubwerera kwa madzi pa payipi iliyonse yolumikizidwa ndi ulusi. Pamene payipi ilumikizidwa ku pompo ya sinki yopopera madzi, kutsika mwadzidzidzi kwa mphamvu ya madzi a m'boma kumapanga siphon yomwe imatha kukoka madzi oipitsidwa kubwerera ku chingwe choyeretsera madzi.
Yankho la code ndiChotsukira Mpweya Chamlengalenga (AVB)yoyikidwa mbali yotulutsira madzi ya valavu ya pompo. Gome ili pansipa likuwonetsa ndondomeko yoyenera ndi lamulo lokwezera.
| Gawo | Chigawo | Chofunikira pa khodi |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Vavu ya faucet (yopezera madzi) | Kutseka kwa madzi m'mwamba kumalamulira kuperekedwa kwa magetsi |
| 2 | Chotsukira Mpweya Chamlengalenga (AVB) | Ikani mbali yotulutsira madzi, osachepera 150 mm (6 in.) pamwamba pa m'mphepete mwa beseni lomwe lili ndi madzi ambiri kapena malo olowera mankhwala ambiri. |
| 3 | Mphuno ya payipi yolumikizidwa ndi ulusi | Imalumikizidwa ku chidebe cha mop kapena chotulutsira mankhwala |
Malamulo Ofunika Kwambiri a AVB
- Kukwera:Ikani AVB osachepera150 mm (mainchesi 6)pamwamba pa mphepete mwa chidebecho momwe madzi amasefukira. Ngati njira yoperekera mankhwala ikugwirizana pansi pa mtsinje, yezani kuchokera pamalo okwera kwambiri olowera a chidebecho.
- Palibe kutsekedwa kwa mtsinje:Simungathe kukhazikitsa valavu yozimitsa pansi pa chotsukira mpweya chozungulira mpweya. Ngati makina a mankhwala ali ndi valavu yamkati, sinthani kuChotsukira Mpweya Wopanikizika (PVB)kapenaMalo Ochepetsa Kupanikizika (RPZ)msonkhano.
- Chotsukira ulusi cha payipi chosachotsedwa:Mafaucet ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito chotsukira vacuum chokhala ndi ulusi wa payipi chomwe chimatetezedwa ndi screw yosachotsedwa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito asadutse chipangizocho.
4. Miyeso Yachilengedwe, Kuchotsa Madzi, ndi Malamulo a Kutulutsa Madzi Pansi
Kuzama kwa Basin kwa Kutsatira Malamulo
Akuluakulu ambiri azaumoyo a boma amayembekezera kuti sinki yopopera yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ikhale ndi kuya kwa sinki yosapitirira200 mm mpaka 300 mm (mainchesi 8 mpaka 12)Izi zimalepheretsa kuti madzi asafike kumapeto kwa khoma lozungulira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makoma awonongeke komanso kuti nkhungu zimere kumbuyo kwa khomalo. Kuti mudziwe zambiri za momwe kuya kwa zinthu kumasiyanirana malinga ndi mtundu wa malo, buku lathu lotsogolera pakuya kwa sinki ya mopu yokonzera malo osungiramo zinthuimakhudza zosintha zofunika pakusankha makiyi.
Zofunikira pa Kuchotsa ndi Kuyika
- Pafupi ndi ngalande ya pansi:Akuluakulu ambiri a mapaipi a m'deralo amayembekezera kuti sinki yoperekera chithandizo ikhale mkati mwa1,500 mm (mamita 5)ya chitoliro chachikulu cha pansi kuti chikhale ndi mpweya wabwino komanso liwiro loyenera la chitolirocho.
- Chitetezo cha khoma la malo otsetsereka:Tetezani makoma onse mkati450 mm (mainchesi 18)Chophimba cha sinki ndi chinthu chosayamwa. Makoma achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena bolodi la FRP akukwaniritsa izi.
- Makabati osungiramo zinthu omwe ali ndi malo ofikira a ADA:Ngati pakufunika kabati yosungiramo zinthu zoyera, ikani beseni lokhala ndi mpanda wokhazikika pansi lomwe kutalika kwake kwa mpanda ndi100 mm (mainchesi 4)kuti chidebe chotsukira chidutse pamwamba pa khomo.
5. Yokwezedwa pakhoma vs. Yokhazikika: Ndi Makonzedwe Ati Omwe Amakwaniritsa Khodi Yanu
Mitundu yonse iwiri ya masinki imakwaniritsa malamulo onse ikayikidwa bwino. Kusankha kwa makonzedwe kumadalira malo omwe muli, malo omwe alipo, komanso kapangidwe ka khoma. Sinki yopopera yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri imagwira ntchito bwino pa kapangidwe kalikonse akangotsatira malamulo opopera.
| Mbali | Yokwezedwa pakhoma | Wodziyimira pawokha |
|---|---|---|
| Zabwino Kwambiri | Makabati osungiramo zinthu zazing'ono; pansi pake payenera kukhala poyera kuti muchotsedwe | Zipinda zazikulu zogwirira ntchito; mapaipi okhala ndi matabwa pansi |
| Zofunikira pakhoma | Mbale yolimba yochirikiza yokhazikika m'ma stud | Palibe |
| Kukhetsa Madzi Osalowa M'kati | Kudzera pakhoma lonyowa | Pansi pa slab |
| Chilolezo cha ADA | Zosavuta kupeza malo oyenera a bondo | Pamafunika kuyika miyendo mosamala |
| Chitsanzo Chovomerezeka | Sinki Yopopera Yokhala ndi Makoma ya LA131 | Sinki yopangira zinthu zosapanga dzimbiri ya A15-4 |
Mndandanda Woyang'anira Kuyika Pasadakhale
- Basin ili ndi chizindikiro cha NSF/ANSI Standard 2 chomwe chilipo panopa.
- Lembani chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 304 pamlingo wochepera 16 gauge
- Makona onse amkati ali ndi ma radius a R10 mm kapena kupitirira apo
- AVB yoyikidwa pa mpope, yomwe ili pamalo okwera ≥ 150 mm pamwamba pa mkombero wautali kwambiri wa madzi osefukira
- Kulumikiza ngalande ya P-trap yosachepera 50 mm (2-inch)
- Makoma ozungulira otetezedwa ndi zinthu zosayamwa mpaka 450 mm pamwamba pa sinki
- Kwa mayunitsi omangidwira pakhoma: bulaketi yomangirira mwachindunji pakhoma
- Kwa mayunitsi oyimirira okha: mapazi olinganizidwa bwino; miyendo yakumbuyo yokhazikika pansi
FAQ
Kodi sinki yopopera mopu imafunika malinga ndi malamulo mu lesitilanti yamalonda?
Inde. FDA Food Code § 5-203.13 imafuna kuti malo aliwonse odyera azikhala ndi sinki imodzi kapena malo oyeretsera otsekedwa. Malo omwe alibe sinki yapadera yoyeretsera ndipo amalola antchito kutaya madzi otsukira m'malo okonzera chakudya kapena m'malo otsukira zinthu amalangidwa kwambiri panthawi yowunikira thanzi lawo nthawi zonse.
Kodi sinki yopopera madzi imafunika chotsukira madzi chotsukira madzi?
Inde, ngati pompopu ili ndi cholumikizira cha payipi yolumikizidwa. UPC § 603.5.7 ndi IPC § 608.15.4 zonse zimayang'anira kupewa kubwerera kwa madzi pa malo otulutsira payipi yolumikizidwa. Chotsegula mpweya chozungulira mpweya chimakwaniritsa izi m'malo ambiri okhazikika. Ngati pali valavu yotseka pansi, sinthani ku chotsegula mpweya chopanikizika kapena RPZ assembly m'malo mwake.
Kodi ngalande yothira madzi pansi pa kabati yosungiramo zinthu zakale ingalowe m'malo mwa sinki yopopera madzi?
Ayi. Ngalande ya pansi imasamalira kutayikira kwadzidzidzi. Sipereka malo oyeretsera kapena chitetezo cha kubwerera kwa madzi monga momwe FDA Food Code § 5-203.13 imafunira. Ngalande ya pansi singathe kusintha sinki yogwirira ntchito; imawonjezera.
Kodi sinki yogulitsiramo zinthu imafuna kukula kotani kwa drain?
Gome la UPC 702.1 limayika zocheperako pa50 mm (mainchi awiri)Chitoliro cha zinyalala. Chitoliro cha zinyalala cha nyumba chokhala ndi mainchesi 40 (1.5-inch) sichitsatira malamulo a masinki amalonda chifukwa sichingathe kuthana ndi kuchuluka kwa zinyalala ndi madzi otayira omwe zipangizozi zimatulutsa.
Kutseka
Manambala atatu amatanthauza kukhazikitsa sinki yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri yogwirizana ndi izi:Kuzama kwa beseni kocheperako 200 mm, Chitoliro chotulutsira madzi chochepera 50 mmndiKukwera kwa AVB kwa 150 mm pamwamba pa mkombero wa madzi osefukira. Phatikizani zomwe zili ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha mtundu wa NSF chovomerezeka ndi NSF pa ngodya zamkati zokhala ndi ma gauge 16, ndi chitetezo cha khoma mkati mwa malo otsetsereka, ndipo chipinda chanu chosungiramo zinthu zosamalira chikayang'aniridwa koyamba.
